Table 7.

Main topics discussed in the present work.

Main topics
• Overview of key characteristics/mechanisms is presented with reference to the AOP construct.
• Importance of mitochondrial dysfunction across different organ toxicities is highlighted.
• Relevant endpoints for each target organ are discussed.
• Binding to molecular targets that are associated with adverse effects to specific organs (i.e., off-target panels from secondary pharmacology batteries) is discussed.
• In vitro and/or in vivo models for investigating target organ toxicity and detecting corresponding toxic xenobiotics are discussed alongside emerging experimental approaches such as 3D in vitro models and toxicogenomics.
• An overview is given of computational methods (statistical models, expert alerts, read-across) that can be used to identify chemicals that potentially induce organ toxicity with reference to specific key characteristics/mechanisms, if any.
• Data gaps and challenges ahead for the development of computational methods predictive of target organ toxicity are discussed.