Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Jun 17;13:3439. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31050-8

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 6 — a 4D flagellar beating waveform analyses of wild type and Efcab9^−/− sperm by high-speed digital holographic microscopy (DHM). The time-lapse trace of a flagellum at 3D position (laboratory-fixed frame of reference xyz) is visualized in color and its projections onto xy- and xz-planes are shadowed in black. b 4D sperm trajectory analyses of wild type and Efcab9^−/− sperm by DHM. The swimming trajectory of sperm is visualized by tracing the head position. c–e Statistical analyses of head (c) and flagellar (d) xy-excursion, and flagellar z-excursion (e) from (a). n = 15 per group of three animals, a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA statistical test was performed, *p (0.0177) < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, p value below 0.001 cannot be given as exact value; the medians (thick dash lines) and interquartile ranges (thin dash lines) are indicated.