. 2022 Jun 17;12:10265. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14535-w

Table 3.

Hazard ratios [95% CI] for cardiovascular mortality based on combination of absence/presence of PVCs during recovery, and presence or absence of significant echocardiographic abnormalities, n = 3,106 (219 events).

	Unadjusted	Adjusted for age, sex, clinical and exercise variables^a
PVC−/ECHO−	1.0	1.0
PVC+/ECHO−	2.8 [1.5–5.2]	1.5 [0.8–2.8]
PVC−/ECHO+	4.4 [2.5–7.4]	2.0 [1.2–3.4]
PVC+/ECHO+	9.1 [5.5–15.2]	3.3 [1.9–5.5]

ECHO− no significant abnormality on echocardiography, ECHO+ significant abnormality on echocardiography, PVC premature ventricular contractions, PVC− < 1 PVCs/min during recovery, PVC+ ≥ 1 PVCs/min during recovery.

^aHypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, body-mass index, peak workload, maximal heart rate, heart rate recovery, maximal systolic blood pressure, ST depression, use of either betablocker, angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotension II blockers, loop diuretics, antihrombotics, anti-coagulants, or calcium channel blockers. Coefficients of confounders are presented in Supplements Table C.