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. 2022 Mar 12;38(6):622–636. doi: 10.1007/s12264-022-00826-9

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© Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 2022

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Fig. 8 — Schematic showing the putative signaling pathway that mediates the suppression of GABA currents by exendin-4 in rat retinal GCs. By activating G_s-coupled GLP-1Rs, exendin-4 suppresses GABA currents via a distinct intracellular cAMP-PKA/IP₃/Ca²⁺/CaM/CaMKII signaling pathway. Note that neither PI-PLC nor PC-PLC is involved in the effect. AC, adenylate cyclase; IP₃R, IP₃ receptor; CaM, calmodulin; CaMKII, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; RyR, ryanodine receptor; PI-PLC, phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C; PC-PLC, phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C.