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. 2022 Jun 18;23:41. doi: 10.1186/s40360-022-00580-8

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Evaluation of antiviral activity of drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The dose-response curves of single drug treatments against SARS-CoV-2 are shown; (A) niclosamide, (B) ivermectin, and (C) chloroquine. Vero E6 cells were treated with various concentrations of drug for 1 hour and followed by SARS-CoV-2 infection at MOI of 0.01. After removing of virus, the cells were maintained in the medium containing drugs or 0.5%DMSO for 2 days. The virus supernatants were collected for titration using the plaque assay and one step-qRT-PCR. The dose-response curves were expressed as the percent inhibition in relative to DMSO-treated cell control. The effect of drug treatment on the cell viability was determined using MTT assay and is expressed in relative to the DMSO-treated cell control. The experiments were repeated at least three times, and data are shown as mean ± SD