Table 2.
Antiviral activity of two-drug combinations treatment against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells
| Drug treatment | IC50 (μM) qRT-PCR | Fold reduction of IC50 (single/combined) |
|---|---|---|
| Niclosamide-ivermectin | ||
| Niclosamide | 0.043 | |
| Niclosamide + ivermectin 2.4 μM | ND | ND |
| Niclosamide + ivermectin 1.2 μM | ND | ND |
| Niclosamide + ivermectin 0.6 μM | 0.018 | 2.399 |
| Niclosamide + ivermectin 0.3 μM | 0.022 | 1.955 |
| Ivermectin | 1.27 | |
| Ivermectin + niclosamide 0.09 μM | ND | ND |
| Ivermectin + niclosamide 0.0045 μM | ND | ND |
| Ivermectin + niclosamide 0.0225 μM | 0.313 | 4.06 |
| Ivermectin + niclosamide 0.01125 μM | 0.660 | 1.92 |
| Niclosamide-chloroquine | ||
| Niclosamide | 0.043 | |
| Niclosamide + chloroquine 1.7 μM | ND | ND |
| Niclosamide + chloroquine 0.85 μM | ND | ND |
| Niclosamide + chloroquine 0.425 μM | 0.013 | 3.308 |
| Niclosamide + chloroquine 0.2125 μM | 0.029 | 1.483 |
| Chloroquine | 0.89 | |
| Chloroquine + niclosamide 0.09 μM | ND | ND |
| Chloroquine + niclosamide 0.0045 μM | ND | ND |
| Chloroquine + niclosamide 0.0225 μM | 0.249 | 3.57 |
| Chloroquine + niclosamide 0.01125 μM | 0.531 | 1.68 |
| Ivermectin-chloroquine | ||
| Ivermectin | 1.27 | |
| Ivermectin + chloroquine 1.7 μM | ND | ND |
| Ivermectin + chloroquine 0.85 μM | ND | ND |
| Ivermectin + chloroquine 0.425 μM | 0.515 | 2.47 |
| Ivermectin + chloroquine 0.2125 μM | 0.821 | 1.55 |
| Chloroquine | 0.89 | |
| Chloroquine + ivermectin 2.4 μM | ND | ND |
| Chloroquine + ivermectin 1.2 μM | ND | ND |
| Chloroquine + ivermectin 0.6 μM | 0.315 | 2.83 |
| Chloroquine + ivermectin 0.3 μM | 0.514 | 1.73 |
ND not determined, cannot calculate IC50 with the least curve fit of the data sets