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. 2022 Jun 18;14:84. doi: 10.1186/s13195-022-01022-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Light effect on the general ROS generation, mitochondrial ROS generation, and ROS in the medium measured for Aβ-treated microglia. Microscope images showing the transmission brightfield, epifluorescence, and merged images of macrophages labeled with CM-H2DCFDA for general ROS detection, MitoSOX™ for mitochondrial ROS detection, and ROS-Glo™ for ROS in the medium. Graphs show the dynamics of ROS generation following stimulation by low-intensity light at 808 nm with 10 J/cm² during 24 h. The enlarged images are presented in Fig. S6, Supplementary Materials. The data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6 replicates in each group); p < 0.05 indicates the data with a statistically significant difference (two-way ANOVA test)