Table 1.
Characteristics of the GWASs used in present study
| Phenotype | PMID | Consortium | Sample size |
Ancestry | Exclusion criteria | Adjusted covariates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | ||||||
| IR | 27841877 | MAGIC for fasting insulin adjusting BMI | 108,557 | European | Individuals had a physician diagnosis of diabetes, were on diabetes treatment (oral or insulin), or had a fasting plasma glucose equal to or greater than 7 mmol/l | Age, sex, BMI |
| 29046328 | GLGC for TGs and HDL-C | 188,577 | European | Individuals known to be on lipid-lowering medications | Age, sex | |
| HbA1c | 28898252 | MAGIC | 123,665 | European | Individuals had a physician diagnosis of diabetes, were on diabetes treatment (oral or insulin), or had a fasting plasma glucose equal to or greater than 7 mmol/l | Study-specific covariates, age, sex, and genomic control |
| Fasting insulin | 22885924 | MAGIC | 108,557 | European | Individuals had a physician diagnosis of diabetes, were on diabetes treatment (oral or insulin), or had a fasting plasma glucose equal to or greater than 7 mmol/l | Age, sex, BMI |
| Fasting glucose | 133,010 | |||||
| Outcomes | ||||||
| LV end-diastolic volume | 31554410 | UK Biobank | 16,920 | European | Individuals with prevalent myocardial infarction, heart failure, or LV ejection fraction < 50% to minimize the confounding influence of these preexisting conditions were excluded | Age, sex, height, weight, systolic blood pressure, phenotype-derivation method, array type, and imaging center |
| LV end-systolic volume | 16,920 | |||||
| LV ejection fraction | 16,923 | |||||
| LV mass | 16,920 | |||||
| LV mass to end-diastolic volume ratio | 16,884 | |||||
| Heart failure | 31919418 | HERMES | 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls | European | Non-European ancestry individuals were excluded | Age, sex, genotyping array and the first 10 principal components |
GWAS genome-wide association studies, IR insulin resistance, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TGs triglycerides, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, LV left ventricular, BMI body mass index, MAGIC the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium, GLGC Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, HERMES the Heart Failure Molecular Epidemiology for Therapeutic Targets