Table 2.
Overview of Preclinical Models Using Conduits
| References | Model | Gap length (mm) | Branch | Conduit type | Cues being studied inside the conduit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 159 | Rat | 6 | Buccal branch | NA | PLOD1 depleted adipose-derived stem cells |
| 61 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | PGA/collagen | Dedifferentiated fat cells |
| 98 | Rat | Crush injury | Main trunk | PGA/collagen | Interpositional-jump graft |
| 71 | Rat | 5 | Main trunk | PLA/chitosan | Olfactory ensheathing cells |
| 96 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | PGA/collagen | Adipose-derived stem cells or stromal vascular fraction |
| 75 | Rat | 7.5 | Buccal branch | Peptide amphiphile nanofiber/collagen | NA |
| 157 | Rat | 8 | Buccal branch | Collagen | Heparin, basic fibroblast growth factor, neural stem/progenitor cells |
| 97 | Rat | 2 | Main trunk | PGA | Neural stem cells originating from the human olfactory mucosa |
| 78 | Rat | 4 | Main trunk | PCL/collagen | Human umbilical cord serum |
| 62 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | Silicone | Syngeneic uncultured-stromal-vascular-fraction |
| 74 | Rat | Crush injury | Main trunk | Silicone/collagen | Interpositional-jump graft |
| 77 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | Silicone/collagen | Dedifferentiated fat cells |
| 63 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | Silicone/collagen | Collagen gel embedded with dental pulp cells |
| 86 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | Silicone | Acidic gelatin hydrogel microspheres with basic fibroblast growth factor |
| 87 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | Silicone/collagen | Undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells, differentiated adipose stem cells, Schwann cells |
| 95 | Rat | 5 | Mandibular branch | PGA | Bone marrow stroma mesenchymal stem cell-derived Schwann-like cells |
| 89 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | PLA | Type 1 collagen solution |
| 85 | Rat | 2 | Main trunk | Silicone | NA |
| 90 | Rat | 5 | Buccal branch | PLGA | Schwann cells transfected with GDNF |
| 88 | Rat | 5 | Main trunk | Silicone | Olfactory ensheathing cells |
| 76 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | Silicone | Collagen gel embedded with dental pulp cells |
| 91 | Rat | 7 | Buccal branch | PLGA | Collagen gel embedded with dental pulp cells |
| 124 | Rabbit | Crush injury | Buccal branch | Collagen | Collagen-binding domain basic fibroblast growth factor |
| 121 | Rabbit | 10 | Buccal branch | Chitosan | Nerve growth factor microspheres |
| 120 | Rabbit | 10 | Buccal branch | Chitosan/collagen | Nerve growth factor, neural stem cells |
| 123 | Rabbit | 6 | Buccal branch | PGA | FK506 dissolved in olive oil |
| 122 | Rabbit | 10 | Buccal branch | Polytetrafluoroethylene/collagen | NA |
| 119 | Rabbit | 8 | Buccal branch | Silicone | Nerve growth factor containing solution |
| 118 | Rabbit | 8 | Buccal branch | Silicone | Nerve growth factor containing solution |
| 142 | Feline | 0 | Main trunk | Collagen | Sterile normal saline |
| 141 | Feline | 5 | Dorsal ramus | Collagen | None |
| 149 | Minipig | 35 | Buccal branch | Collagen/nano-sized b-tricalcium phosphate | Nerve growth factor |
| 148 | Minipig | 35 | Buccal branch | Collagen | Linear ordered collagen scaffold combined with recombinant proteins |
| 147 | Minipig | 10 | Buccal branch | Collagen | Collagen-binding ciliary neurotrophic factor absorbed linear ordered collagen fibers |
GDNF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; NA, not available; PGA, poly(glycolic acid); PLA, poly(lactic acid); PCL, poly(caprolactone); PLGA, poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide).