Lysozyme attenuates the elevated secretion of inflammatory molecules induced by spike proteins. (A–F) Changes in mRNA expression of various inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α (A), IL-6 (B), MCP-1 (C), iNOS (D), IL-8 (E), and IL-1β (F) in HCECs pretreated with lysozyme (2 hours or 0 hours before stimulation) detected by RT-PCR. (G–L) Detection of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α (G), IL-6 (H), MCP-1 (I), iNOS (J), IL-8 (K), and IL-1β (L) in HCECs pretreated with lysozyme by ELISA. Values are mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.5; **P < 0.1; ***P < 0.001 versus control group using one-way ANOVA. #P < 0.5; ##P < 0.1; ###P < 0.001 versus spike group using one-way ANOVA.