Table 1.
The Baseline Characteristics of participants
| HDL-C(mmol/L) | Q1(≤ 1.16) | Q2(1.16 to ≤ 1.41) | Q3(1.41 to ≤ 1.70) | Q4(> 1.70) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | 3752 | 3895 | 3845 | 3846 | |
| Gender | < 0.001 | ||||
| Women | 568 (15.14%) | 1419 (36.43%)a | 2122 (55.19%)ab | 2832 (73.63%)abc | |
| Men | 3184 (84.86%) | 2476 (63.57%) | 1723 (44.81%) | 1014 (26.37%) | |
| Age(years) | 44.49 ± 9.03 | 43.63 ± 8.96a | 43.31 ± 8.77a | 43.36 ± 8.78a | < 0.001 |
| Ethanol consumption(g/week) | 4.20(0, 66.00) | 1.00(0, 72.00) | 1.00(0, 60.00) | 1.00(0, 54.00)abc | < 0.001 |
| Smoking status | < 0.001 | ||||
| Never-smoker | 1436 (38.27%) | 2114 (54.27%)a | 2484 (64.60%)ab | 2906 (75.56%)abc | |
| Ex-smoker | 863 (23.00%) | 821 (21.08%) | 694 (18.05%) | 550 (14.30%) | |
| Current-smoker | 1453 (38.73%) | 960 (24.65%) | 667 (17.35%) | 390 (10.14%) | |
| Regular exerciser | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 3190 (85.02%) | 3226 (82.82%)a | 3156 (82.08%)a | 3085 (80.21%)abc | |
| Yes | 562 (14.98%) | 669 (17.18%) | 689 (17.92%) | 761 (19.79%) | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 118.88 ± 14.75 | 115.96 ± 14.97a | 112.67 ± 14.53ab | 110.63 ± 14.31abc | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.00 ± 10.21 | 72.62 ± 10.41a | 70.29 ± 10.23ab | 68.55 ± 10.03abc | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.95 ± 3.11 | 22.61 ± 3.08a | 21.50 ± 2.71ab | 20.52 ± 2.47abc | < 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 82.37 ± 8.30 | 78.17 ± 8.52a | 74.47 ± 8.13ab | 71.20 ± 7.40abc | < 0.001 |
| Fatty liver | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 2339 (62.34%) | 3081 (79.10%)a | 3491 (90.79%)ab | 3693 (96.02%)abc | |
| Yes | 1413 (37.66%) | 814 (20.90%) | 354 (9.21%) | 153 (3.98%) | |
| ALT (IU/L) | 21(16.00,30.00) | 17 (13.00,24.00)a | 15 (12.00,20.00)ab | 14(11.00,19.00)abc | < 0.001 |
| AST (IU/L) | 18 (15.00,22.00) | 17 (14.00,21.00)a | 17 (14.00,20.00)ab | 17 (13.00,20.00)abc | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.00 ± 0.12 | 1.29 ± 0.07a | 1.54 ± 0.08ab | 1.97 ± 0.22abc | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.20 (0.83,1.73) | 0.82 (0.56,1.17)a | 0.64 (0.45,0.88)ab | 0.53 (0.38,0.72)abc | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.07 ± 0.89 | 5.07 ± 0.89 | 5.07 ± 0.84 | 5.27 ± 0.80abc | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.19 ± 0.34 | 5.18 ± 0.33 | 5.15 ± 0.31ab | 5.17 ± 0.30ac | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.30 ± 0.38 | 5.20 ± 0.40a | 5.11 ± 0.41ab | 5.04 ± 0.41abc | < 0.001 |
Values are n (%) or mean ± SD
SBP Systolic blood pressures, DBP Diastolic blood pressures, BMI Body mass index, WC Waist circumference, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, FPG Fasting plasma glucose
arepresents other groups (Q2, Q3, Q4) compared with Q1, P < 0.05
brepresents other groups (Q3, Q4) compared with Q2, P < 0.05
crepresents other groups (Q4) compared with Q3, P < 0.05