TABLE 1.
Main characteristics of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA).
| Characteristics | Trikas et al. (19) | Clemmensen et al. (10) | Hein et al. (3) | Clemmensen et al. (12) European heart | Yunis et al. (20) | Bartolini et al. (21) |
| CA type | AL | AL, ATTRwt, ATTRv | AL, ATTRwt, ATTRv |
AL, ATTRwt, ATTRv |
ATTRwt | ATTRwt, ATTRv |
| Number of patients | 32 | 24 | 27 | 25 | 56 | 72 |
| Age, years | 50 ± 13 | 67 ± 15 | 58 (IQR 10) | 69 [55–78] | 75 ± 6 | 78 ± 8 |
| LV wall thickness, mm | 12 ± 3 | 18 (IQR 6) | 16 ± 5 | 16 ± 3 | 18 ± 3 | |
| LVEF, % | 32 ± 6 | 59 [45–63] | 55 ± 28 | 54 ± 13 | 50 ± 11 | 54 ± 9 |
| Watts peak, watts | – | 75 [30–100] | – | – | – | – |
| VO2 peak, mL/kg/min or VO2 peak mL/kg (*) |
21 ± 7 | 15 ± 6 | 15 (IQR 10) | 1156 ± 496 * | 14 ± 5 | 14 ± 4 |
| Heart rate peak, bmp | 125 [105–141] | 123 ± 27 | ||||
| ATVO2 mL/kg/min | 13 ± 4 | 12 ± 5 | ||||
| Peak RER | 1 (IQR 0.1) | 1 ± 0.1 | ||||
| O2 pulse, percent | ||||||
| VEVCO2 slope | 30 (IQR 3) | 41 ± 10 | 31 ± 7 | |||
| EOV, % of cases | 7 | |||||
| Ventilatory Reserve, % | 43 ± 16 | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Characteristics | Monfort et al. (22) | Bhutani et al. (23) | Dalia et al. (5) | Nicol et al. (4) | Banydeen et al. (6) | |
|
| ||||||
| CA type | ATTRv | AL, ATTR |
ATTRwt | AL, ATTRwt, ATTRv |
AL, ATTRwt, ATTRv |
|
| Number of patients | 18 | 17 | 33 | 150 | 46 | |
| Age, years | 72 ± 8 | 64 [57–69] | 82 [79–84] | 70 [64–78] | 72 ± 11 | |
| LV wall thickness, mm | 20 [16–21] | 16 [14–18] | 15 [13–18] | 16 ± 3 | ||
| LVEF, % | 49 [34–58] | 63 [58–70] | 50 [40–55] | 55 [45–61] | 54 ± 15 | |
| Watts peak, watts | 65 ± 20 | 65 [50–90] | 57 ± 20 | |||
| VO2 peak, mL/kg/min | 14 ± 4 | 13 [12–15] | 11 [9–14] | 13 [10–17] | 16 ± 4 | |
| Heart rate peak, bmp | 130 ± 19 | 110 [94–119] | 117 [100–134] | |||
| ATVO2 mL/kg/min | 10 ± 3 | 8 [6–9] | 8 [7–11] | |||
| Peak RER | 1 ± 0.1 | 1 [1.06–1.24] | 1 ± 0.1 | |||
| O2 pulse, % | 62 ± 19 | 8 [7–10] | 76 ± 17 | |||
| VEVCO2 slope | 39 ± 4 | 36 [31–41] | 37 [33–45] | 38 ± 6 | ||
| EOV, % of cases | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Ventilatory Reserve, % | 27 ± 17 | 32 ± 19 | ||||
AL, monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis; ATTRwt, wild type transthyretin amyloidosis; ATTRv, hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis; LV, left ventricle; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; VO2, oxygen uptake; AT, anaerobic threshold; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; EOV, exercise oscillatory ventilation. Results are presented as mean ± SD, median and interquartile (IQR range, defined as the difference between the upper and lower quartiles) or median [Quartile 1–3]. * Specifies when VO2 peak is expressed in ml/kg.