FIGURE 2.

Ang4 disrupts the membrane integrity of Salmonella typhimurium LT2. (A) Growth curve of bacteria treated with Ang4 measured by OD 600. (B) MIC and IC₅₀ of WT Ang4 determined by microbroth dilution method. (C) Killing percentage of Ang4-treated bacteria after 18 h incubation at 37°C. (D) Outer membrane permeabilization by Ang4 was evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity of NPN. (E,F) Cell membrane alteration in Ang4 treated bacteria was assessed by PI staining using flow cytometry. All data are shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. P-values were determined by two-tailed unpaired t-test or one-way ANOVA; ^***P < 0.001 vs. control.