Table 2.
Trend in diagnosed Gestational diabetes mellitus of participants in 2006 and 2016 a .
| 2006 | 2016 | Change,% (95% CI) | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case No. | % (95% CI) | Case No. | % (95% CI) | |||
| All | 568 | 4.6 (4.1–5.1) | 974 | 8.2 (7.5–8.9) | 3.6 (2.7, 4.5) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||
| <25 | 143 | 2.8 (2.3–3.4) | 241 | 5.7 (4.8–6.7) | 2.9 (1.8, 4.0) | <0.001 |
| 25–30 | 169 | 5.0 (4.1–5.8) | 298 | 9.1 (7.7–10.5) | 4.1 (2.5, 5.8) | <0.001 |
| >30 | 226 | 7.7 (6.5–9.0) | 385 | 10.3 (8.9–11.7) | 2.6 (0.7, 4.4) | 0.008 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic | 144 | 5.4 (4.3–6.5) | 160 | 9.5 (7.4–11.6) | 4.1 (1.7, 6.5) | <0.001 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 315 | 4.8 (4.1–5.4) | 583 | 7.6 (6.7–8.5) | 2.8 (1.7, 4.0) | <0.001 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 86 | 3.5 (2.7–4.3) | 128 | 7.3 (5.8–8.8) | 3.8 (2.2, 5.5) | <0.001 |
| Other race/ethnicity | 23 | 2.8 (1.3–4.2) | 103 | 11.1 (8.5–13.8) | 8.4 (5.3, 11.4) | <0.001 |
| Poverty ratio category | ||||||
| <100 | 104 | 5.9 (4.7–7.1) | 126 | 10.2 (8.5–11.9) | 4.3 (2.2, 6.4) | <0.001 |
| 100–199 | 108 | 5.5 (4.3–6.7) | 141 | 9.0 (7.1–10.8) | 3.5 (1.3, 5.7) | 0.002 |
| 200–399 | 101 | 4.2 (3.4–5.0) | 175 | 7.5 (6.2–8.8) | 3.3 (1.7, 4.8) | <0.001 |
| 400+ | 117 | 3.7 (2.9–4.4) | 263 | 7.6 (6.1–9.1) | 4.0 (2.3, 5.7) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Insufficiently active | 20 | 4.3 (2.1–6.4) | 52 | 9.3 (6.2–12.4) | 5.0 (1.3, 8.8) | 0.009 |
| Sufficiently active | 52 | 5.3 (3.7–6.9) | 93 | 9.1 (6.9–11.4) | 3.9 (1.1, 6.6) | 0.006 |
| Highly active | 140 | 5.4 (4.3–6.4) | 266 | 7.5 (6.3–8.7) | 2.1 (0.5, 3.7) | 0.011 |
a
GDM prevalence was calculated with age-standardized to the U.S. population in the year 2000.