Table 3.
Baseline characteristics and procedural data in patients with or without sedation complications
| No complications n (%) / mean (SD) | eIT or NIV n (%) / mean (SD) |
P value† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 3211) | 3163 | 48 | |
| Sex (male) | 1927 (60.9%) | 21 (43.8) | .8 |
| Age (years) | 65.7 ± 11.6 | 70.0 ± 10.0 | .01∗ |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.8 ± 4.8 | 30.1 ± 9.0 | .01∗ |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 2.6 ± 1.7 | 3.2 ± 1.5 | .002∗ |
| Hypertension | 2158 (68.2%) | 47 (98%) | .05 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 378 (12%) | 11 (23%) | .04∗ |
| History of stroke | 259 (8.2%) | 4 (8.3%) | 1.0 |
| CAD or PAD | 853 (27%) | 15 (31.3%) | .5 |
| Congestive heart failure | 361 (11.4%) | 6 (12.5%) | .81 |
| GFR (mg/dL) | 76 ± 21 | 69 ±17 | .02∗ |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 2.7 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | .9 |
| Procedural data | |||
| Procedural duration (min) | 133.3 ± 52.6 | 160.5 ± 51.9 | .001∗ |
| RF duration (min) | 42.5 ± 20.6 | 41.8 ± 23.5 | .8 |
| Fluoroscopy dose (cGym2) | 593.4 ± 1387.1 | 829.6 ± 997.7 | .11 |
| Propofol dose (mg) | 923.4 ± 496.4 | 910.9 ± 651.9 | .86 |
| Midazolam dose (mg) | 3.0 ± 11.2 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | .05 |
| Flumazenil | 5 (0.2%) | 4 (8.3%) | .001 |
| Fentanyl dose (mg) | 0.16 ± 2.2 | 0.10 ± 0.04 | .1 |
| Naloxone | 20 (0.6%) | 7 (14.5%) | .001 |
| Baseline oxygen saturation (%) | 95.5 ± 3.8 | 93.8 ± 4.1 | .003∗ |
| EF (%) | 53.4 ± 10.9 | 52.9 ± 8.1 | .9 |
Continuous values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical values are expressed as number (percentage).
BMI = body mass index; CAD = coronary artery disease; EF = ejection fraction; eIT = endotracheal intubation; GFR = glomerular filtration rate; NIV = noninvasive ventilation; PAD = peripheral artery disease; RF = radiofrequency.
†
Significant results are marked with an asterisk (∗).