Table 2.
Multivariate models testing blood leucocytes against outcome
| Outcome | Multivariate analysis | |||
| HR | 95% CI | P value | P value (PH assumption) |
|
| FVC decline >10%/year | ||||
| Absolute leucocytes | ||||
| Gender (male) | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.97 | 0.040* | 0.470 |
| Age | 1.1 | 1.0 to 1.15 | 0.035* | 0.110 |
| FVC (%) | 0.99 | 0.97 to 1.00 | 0.071 | 0.630 |
| Monocytes (×109/L) | 0.61 | 0.11 to 3.74 | 0.500 | 0.249 |
| Lymphocytes (×109/L) | 0.81 | 0.52 to 1.3 | 0.360 | 0.850 |
| Neutrophils (×109/L) | 1.4 | 1.1 to 1.7 | 0.0011* | 0.760 |
| Monocytosis (>0.90×109/L) | 1.83 | 0.88 to 3.82 | 0.105 | 0.953 |
| Lymphopenia (<1.0×109/L) | 3.78 | 1.31 to 10.97 | 0.014* | 0.669 |
| Neutrophilia (>7.5×109/L) | 3.12 | 1.44 to 6.74 | 0.004* | 0.870 |
| Leucocyte indexes | Adjusted HR | |||
| MLR | 1.07 | 0.70 to 1.64 | 0.763 | 0.757 |
| MLR >0.37 | 1.91 | 1.07 to 3.40 | 0.029* | 0.434 |
| NLR | 1.31 | 1.16 to 1.48 | 0.00002* | 0.679 |
| NLR >2.77 | 2.04 | 1.12 to 3.71 | 0.020* | 0.803 |
| SIRI | 1.03 | 0.97 to 1.08 | 0.326 | 0.578 |
| SIRI>2.0 | 1.95 | 1.10 to 3.47 | 0.023* | 0.549 |
| Mortality | ||||
| Absolute leucocytes | ||||
| Gender (male) | 0.83 | 0.38 to 1.80 | 0.630 | 0.970 |
| Age | 1.1 | 1.00 to 1.10 | 0.005* | 0.930 |
| Baseline FVC (%) | 0.97 | 0.96 to 0.99 | 0.001* | 0.990 |
| Monocytes (×109/L) | 1.4 | 1.10 to 1.80 | 0.013* | 0.340 |
| Lymphocytes (×109/L) | 1.0 | 0.70 to 1.50 | 0.890 | 0.940 |
| Neutrophils (×109/L) | 1.2 | 1.10 to 1.40 | 0.0008* | 0.940 |
| Monocytosis (>0.90×109/L) | 1.01 | 0.50 to 2.01 | 0.990 | 0.291 |
| Lymphopenia (<1.0×109/l) | 1.50 | 0.52 to 4.38 | 0.451 | 0.279 |
| Neutrophilia (>7.5×109/L) | 2.31 | 1.18 to 4.54 | 0.015* | 0.544 |
| Leucocyte indexes | Adjusted HR | |||
| MLR | 1.32 | 1.09 to 1.60 | 0.005* | 0.136 |
| MLR >0.37 | 2.05 | 1.26 to 3.74 | 0.019* | 0.583 |
| NLR | 1.22 | 1.11 to 1.34 | 0.00006* | 0.691 |
| NLR >2.77 | 1.81 | 1.01 to 3.23 | 0.046* | 0.767 |
| SIRI | 1.06 | 1.02 to 1.09 | 0.001* | 0.130 |
| SIRI>2.0 | 1.83 | 1.02 to 3.26 | 0.041* | 0.231 |
Absolute leucocyte counts were tested in combination (absolute monocyte, lymphocyte and neutrophils) to explore interaction and adjusted for the covariates gender, age and baseline FVC%. For multivariate models exploring contribution of the leucocyte derived indexes (MLR, NLR or SIRI); each was tested individually with the covariates gender, age and baseline FVC% but HR outcome for gender, age and baseline FVC% are not shown. All adjusted covariates in each model satisfied the proportional hazard assumption (p<0.05 are considered significant).
FVC, forced vital capacity; MLR, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio; NLR, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; SIRI, Systemic Inflammatory Response Index.