Table 4.
Health Outcomes (means[SD]; Per Protocol Analyses).
| Outcome | Hatha yoga (n = 11) | Restorative yoga (n = 15) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Week 0) | (Week 12) | Mean difference (95% CI) | (Week 0) | (Week 12) | Mean difference (95% CI) | Pre-post Cohen’s d | ||
| Hatha | Rest | |||||||
| RMDQ | 9.5 (2.9) | 6.7 (3.8) | −2.73 (−4.633; −.83) | 8.9 (6.0) | 5.9 (5.7) | −3.00 (−5.52; −.43) | .81 | .51 |
| NDI | 10.0 (8.7) | 7.8 (5.8) | −2.18 (−6.94; 2.58) | 12.2 (9.3) | 11.0 (9.5) | −1.20 (−4.31; 1.91) | .30 | .13 |
| BPI-PS | 4.1 (1.8) | 2.8 (1.3) | −1.27 (−2.28; −.27) | 4.3 (1.9) | 3.4 (2.1) | −.87 (−2.03; .30) | .82 | .43 |
| BPI -PI | 3.3 (2.1) | 2.6 (1.8) | −.66 (−1.63; .31) | 3.9 (2.7) | 3.2 (2.9) | −.66 (−1.78; .46) | .34 | .24 |
| PROMIS-PI | 8.7 (1.6) | 7.7 (1.8) | −1.00 (−1.80; −.21) | 9.1 (2.5) | 8.5 (2.6) | −.60 (−1.90; .70) | .58 | .23 |
| SF12-PH | 35.6 (7.5) | 40.3 (7.8) | 4.64 (.36; 8.92) | 38.1 (11.0) | 40.6 (9.5) | 2.44 (−2.28; 7.16) | .61 | .24 |
| SF12-MH | 48.4 (12.0) | 51.2 (9.7) | 2.82 (−2.56; 8.20) | 47.5 (10.0) | 47.8 (10.4) | .36 (−5.4; 6.12) | .26 | .04 |
| FSS | 3.7 (1.5) | 3.4 (1.1) | −.29 (−.95; .36) | 4.2 (1.6) | 3.8 (1.5) | −.44 (−1.29; .41) | .22 | .29 |
Abbreviations: RMDQ, roland-morris disability questionnaire; NDI, neck disability index; BPI-PS, brief pain inventory-pain severity; BPI-PI, brief pain inventory-pain interference; PROMIS-PI, PROMIS-pain intensity; SF-12-PH, short-form health survey- physical health; SF-12-MH, short-form health survey-mental health; FSS, fatigue severity scale.