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. 2022 Jun 20;18(9):573–587. doi: 10.1038/s41581-022-00587-8

Fig. 4. HIF-dependent regulation of immunometabolism.

Fig. 4

Hypoxia increases hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activity, which affects the phenotype and function of innate and adaptive immune cells, including epithelial cells, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells through regulation of immune cell metabolism. NET, neutrophil extracellular trap.