. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 20.

Published in final edited form as: J Thorac Oncol. 2014 Jul;9(7):927–934. doi: 10.1097/JTO.0000000000000210

Table 3.

Association of LDCT Screening Result with Patient-Centered Outcomes.

Study cohort selection	Population Abnormal vs. Negative LDCT	Instrument Interval (Overall Response Rate)	Abnormal LDCT	Negative LDCT	Statistics
NELSON¹⁹, n=733 Convenience sample from baseline cohort of screen indeterminate vs. negative CT groups	• Men: 50% vs. 46% • Age (mean): 58 vs. 58	• Before LDCT (91%) • 1 week pre-LDCT (94%) • 1 day post- LDCT (93%) • 2 month (88%)	IES score (mean): • 4.5† • 6.3 • 4.9 • 8.3†^*	IES score (mean): • 4.1 • 5.8 • 4.5 • 2.4†^*	• †p<0.05 for increase and decrease • ^*p<0.01 for difference • No differences in SF-12, EQ-5D, or STAI-6 Repeated measures ANOVA - unadjusted
NELSON²⁰, n=733 Convenience sample from baseline cohort of screen indeterminate vs. negative CT groups	• Men: NR • Age: NR	• Before LDCT (NR) • 2 month (NR) • 2 years (NR)	IES score (mean): • 4.0 • 7.8 • 4.5	IES score (mean): • 4.1 • 2.6 • 3.5	• Interaction time × result (p<0.01) • Significant difference at 2 months • No difference at 2 years • No differences in SF-12, EQ-5D, or STAI-6 Repeated measures ANOVA - adjusted
PLuSS ²¹, n=400 Convenience sample from baseline cohort categorized into indeterminate, suspicious vs. negative CT groups	Indeterminate vs. Suspicious vs. Negative • Men: 41% vs. 58% vs. 56% • Age (mean): 60 vs. 61 vs. 60	• Overall Response Rate: 85%^β • Before LDCT • 1–2 week • 6 month • 12 month • Baseline • 1–2 week • 6 month • 12 month • Baseline • 1–2 week • 6 month • 12 month	Indeterminate: STAI-6 score (mean)#: • 34.4 • 37.7 • 37.3 • 35.3 Suspicious: PCQ score (mean)#: • 6.4 • 8.5 • 7.4 • 7.1 Suspicious: Perceived % risk of cancer (mean)#: • 18.6 • 34.5 • 30.3 • 31.2	Negative: STAI-6 score (mean) • 35.9 • 35.9 • 34.4 • 35.1 PCQ score (mean) • 7.0 • 7.0 • 6.5 • 6.7 Perceived % risk of cancer (mean): • 17.1 • 11.2 • 13.1 • 13.1 Among negative group only perceived % risk of cancer changed over time (p NR)	• #p<0.001 Increase from baseline, then decrease in scores over time • Anxiety (STAI-6): higher in current smokers (p<0.03) • Fear of cancer (PCQ): higher in women (p<0.03) and current smokers (p<0.001) • Perceived % risk of cancer: higher in current smokers (p<0.001) Multivariable adjusted

Cancer thoughts categorized as “not at all” or “some”

^β

-Per authors: There were no significant differences between those not missing a survey and those missing a survey.

Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, CT = computed tomography, EQ-5D = EuroQol questionnaire, IES = Impact of Event Scale, Mayo = Mayo Clinic Lung Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Registry, NELSON= NEderlands Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek, NR = not reported, PCQ = Psychological Consequences Questionnaire, PLuSS = Pittsburgh Lung Screening Study, SF-12 = 12-item Short Form, STAI-6 = Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.