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. 2022 Jun 20;8:77. doi: 10.1038/s41531-022-00343-6

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a–g Similar experiments and analyses to those in Fig. 2 were done on STN. 52 and 50 matched segments of rest and movement were analyzed for control and parkinsonian rats, respectively. Band power analysis reveals significant increase of α power and decrease of δ power from rest to movement in both control and parkinsonian rats (c). Correlation coefficient > 0.5: control = 29/29 (100%), parkinsonian = 20/20 (100%); median of correlation coefficient, control: 0.78, parkinsonian: 0.8, between STN α power and moving velocity at zero time lags (f). Correlation coefficient < −0.5: control = 25/29 (86%), parkinsonian = 18/20 (90%); median of correlation coefficient, control: −0.66, parkinsonian: −0.68, between STN δ power and moving velocity (g). Scale bar represents 500 ms/100μV. h Average MC-STN coherence in α band reveals a significant increase from rest to movement in both control and parkinsonian rats, accompanied by a decrease of δ coherence in parkinsonian rats. Either α or δ coherence shows no difference between control and 6-OHDA rats. i Most control and parkinsonian rats show a positive correlation, or even a strong positive correlation, coefficient between α coherence and moving velocity in cross-covariance analysis (correlation coefficient >0.5: control: 14/29, parkinsonian: 14/20, median of correlation coefficient, control: 0.47, parkinsonian: 0.55). In contrast, almost all of the control and parkinsonian rats show no strong correlation between MC-STN δ coherence and moving velocity (correlation coefficient < −0.5: control: 1/29, parkinsonian: 1/20; median of correlation coefficient, control: −0.14, parkinsonian: −0.28). PSD spectra were presented as mean (solid curves) ± standard deviation (shaded areas). Data in bar plot were presented as mean ± S.E.M. Data in (c) and (h) were analyzed with 2 × 2 mixed model ANOVA and simple main effect tests for pairwise comparison. Each horizontal line reports the simple main effect, and each square bracket reports the main effect of control vs. 6-OHDA in ANOVA. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, N.S., nonsignificant.