Table 2.
Characteristics, respiratory variables and echocardiographic parameters of patients admitted to ICU for acute cardiovascular failure and acute respiratory failure
| Cardiovascular failure | Respiratory failure | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population characteristics | |||
| Number of patients | 129 (54.7%) | 107 (45.3%) | – |
| Age (years) | 68 ± 16 | 57 ± 17 | < 0.0001 |
| Males, n (%) | 85 (65.9%) | 65 (60.7%) | 0.4097 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.84 ± 0.20 | 1.89 ± 0.24 | 0.1339 |
| APACHE II | 13.3 ± 5.8 | 12.5 ± 3.8 | 0.2460 |
| Ventilation and gas exchanges | |||
| Mechanical ventilation (included NIV), n | 100 (77.5%) | 104 (92.5%) | 0.0017 |
| PEEP (cmH2O) |
8.0 (6.0–10.0) |
10.0 (8.0–12.0) |
0.0001 |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) |
211.5 (179.0–235.0) |
168.0 (115.3–194.8) |
< 0.0001 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) |
40.0 (36.0–45.0) |
49.0 (43.0–57.0) |
< 0.0001 |
| Echocardiographic parameters and derived variables | |||
| TAPSE (mm) |
12.0 (8.4–18.2) |
20.0 (15.2–23.7) |
< 0.0001 |
| S’ (cm/s) |
7.6 (4.7–11.6) |
10.2 (8.2–14.5) |
0.001 |
| RAP (mmHg) |
10.0 (8.0–10.0) |
8.0 (8.0–10.0) |
0.4751 |
| sPAP (mmHg) |
44.0 (38.3–51.9) |
52.9 (43.9–63.1) |
< 0.0001 |
| PAAT (ms) |
85.0 (71.0–95.0) |
92.0 (77.0–103.0) |
0.0056 |
| Log10PAAT |
1.93 (1.85–1.98) |
1.96 (1.89–2.01) |
0.0057 |
| HR (bpm) |
90 (80–102) |
76 (61–89) |
< 0.0001 |
| RVET (ms) |
234.5 (202.5–266.0) |
221.0 (189.5–265.8) |
0.0552 |
| PAAT/√RR |
3.18 (2.79–3.73) |
3.20 (2.59–3.77) |
0.5399 |
| PAAT/RVET |
0.36 (0.29–0.41) |
0.41 (0.34–0.50) |
0.0001 |
Population characteristics are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or percentage; arterial-blood gas data and echocardiographic parameters and variables are expressed as median (interquartile range)
APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System II, BSA body surface area, FiO2 inspired oxygen fraction, HR heart rate, NIV non-invasive ventilation, PAAT pulmonary artery acceleration time, PaCO2 arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PaO2 arterial partial pressure of oxygen, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, RAP right atrial pressure, RR ECG RR interval, RVET right ventricular ejection time, sPAP systolic pulmonary artery pressure, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion