Table 3.
Prognostic factors of high CEA at the time of recurrence.
| Factors | CEA at recurrence ≥5 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | ||
| p | HR (95% CI) | p | |
| Initial CEA (ng/L) | |||
| ≥5 versus <5 | 0.007 | 1.694 (1.279–2.244) | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||
| Female versus male | 0.354 | ||
| Tumor location | |||
| Rectum versus colon | 0.266 | ||
| Initial T stages | |||
| 2 versus 1 | 0.261. | ||
| 3 versus 1 | 0.246 | ||
| 4 versus 1 | 0.087 | ||
| Initial N stages | |||
| 1 versus 0 | 0.416 | 2.783 (1.989–3.894) | <0.001 |
| 2 versus 0 | <0.001 | 2.551 (1.840–3.537) | <0.001 |
| Initial cell type | |||
| PD/MUC/SRC versus | 0.757 | ||
| WD/MD | |||
| Initial lymphatic invasion | |||
| Yes versus no | 0.745 | ||
| Initial venous invasion | |||
| Yes versus no | 0.132 | ||
| Initial perineural invasion | |||
| Yes versus no | 0.904 | ||
| Initial tumor budding | |||
| Yes versus no | 0.772 | ||
| Disease free interval | |||
| ≥12 versus <12 months | 0.059 | 0.773 (0.593–1.006) | 0.056 |
CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; WD, well-differentiated; MD, moderately differentiated; PD, poorly differentiated; MUC, mucinous adenocarcinoma; SRC, signet ring cell carcinoma.