Figure 5.

Evolution of gene methylation changes from field effects through HGIN to UC in bladder cancer developing along the luminal track in map 24

(A) Hierarchical clustering mucosal and tumor samples using the top 42 most hypomethylated and hypermethylated genes showing monotonic expression changes in samples corresponding to NU/LGIN through HGIN to UC, HGIN and UC, and UC only.

(B) Whole-organ expression map of chromosome 18 showing a chromosomal diagram and the methylation pattern for genes in individual samples from a cystectomy classified as NU/LGIN, HGIN, and UC.

(C) Methylation pattern for hypomethylated and hypermethylated genes with monotonic changes involving NU/LGIN, HGIN, and UC in chromosome 18.

(D) 3D pattern of hypomethylated and hypermethylated genes as it relates to a whole-organ histologic map of a cystectomy sample filtered as in A.