Table 5.

Evidence of proven capacity in the use of animal models of depression.

BEHAVIOURAL TEST	SSA COUNTRIES WITH PROVEN CAPACITY	REFERENCES
Forced swim test	Algeria, Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa	(Ngoupaye et al., 2013, Hailu and Engidawork, 2014; El zahaf, N. A. and Elhwuegi, A. S, 2014); (Fekadu, 2014); (Merzoug et al., 2014); (Ngoupaye, 2014a, Ngoupaye, 2014b); (Kukuia, 2015); (Bikomo et al., 2017); (El Brouzi et al., 2020); (El-Marasy et al., 2021)
Tail suspension test	Cameroon, Ghana, Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa	(Hailu and Engidawork 2014; Ngoupaye, 2014b; Kukuia et al., 2015; Akinpelu et al., 2017; Ben-Azu et al., 2018 ; Amaghnouje et al., 2020; Amin et al., 2020)
Sucrose consumption preference test	Algeria, Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa,	(Biney, 2016, Dallé et al., 2017)
Open field test	Algeria, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zimbabwe	(Manning-SayI and Leonard, 1989, Sherif and Oreland, 1995, Pedersen, 2008, Okoli, 2010, Ngoupaye et al., 2013, Hailu and Engidawork, 2014,Merzoug et al., 2014; Mesfin et al., 2014; Ngoupaye, 2014b; Amoateng et al., 2017; Bikomo et al., 2017; Omotoso et al., 2018; Miguel et al., 2019; Amin et al., 2020; El Brouzi et al., 2020; Smach et al., 2021)
Foot shock escape test	Egypt	(Sabry et al., 2014)
Three chamber socialbility and social novelty test	Nigeria, Ghana	(Mutiu Ajao, 2012, Mante, 2016)
Multivariate concentric square field test	None	None