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. 2022 Jun 21;19:163. doi: 10.1186/s12974-022-02530-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 10 — NKCC1-mediated transmembrane cotransport of ions and water after NLRP3 activation. A Representative images of Na⁺ (SBFI) and K⁺ (PBFI) after LPS or lysis-RBC exposure and MCC950 treatment in primary choroid plexus epithelial cells. Bar = 50 μm. B Statistical results of Na⁺ concentrations in primary choroid plexus epithelial cells according to SBFI staining (n = 6, one-way ANOVA). C Statistical results of K⁺ concentrations in primary choroid plexus epithelial cells according to PBFI staining (n = 6, one-way ANOVA). D Time course of Na⁺ concentration changes in primary choroid plexus epithelial cells after the addition of stimulators and MCC950 treatment (n = 6). E Changes in intracellular K⁺ concentrations over time after different treatments (n = 6). F–G Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations measured by ICP-OES in culture media after LPS and lysis-RBC stimulation and MCC950 treatment (n = 6, one-way ANOVA). The values are expressed as the means ± SDs; **p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05