Table 1.
Univariate analysis of adverse outcomes in preeclampsia (chi-square test)
| Clinical Index | Control Group n = 540 | Study Group n = 180 | χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.014 | 0.907 | ||
| < 35 | 452(83.70%) | 150(83.30%) | ||
| ≥ 35 | 88(16.30%) | 30(16.70%) | ||
| Gestational age | 134.815 | < 0.001*** | ||
| < 34 | 28(5.20%) | 59(32.70%) | ||
| 34–37 | 113(20.90%) | 64(35.60%) | ||
| ≥ 37 | 399(73.90%) | 57(31.70%) | ||
| Primipara | 333(61.70%) | 103(57.20%) | 1.116 | 0.291 |
| Type of operation | 7.475 | 0.006** | ||
| Natural labor | 74(13.70%) | 11(6.10%) | ||
| Cesarean section | 466(86.30%) | 169(93.90%) | ||
| IVF-ET | 23(4.30%) | 6(3.30%) | 0.299 | 0.584 |
| Twins | 17(3.10%) | 9(5.00%) | 1.33 | 0.249 |
| 24 h urine protein qualitative | 50.25 | < 0.001*** | ||
| + | 189(35.10%) | 34(18.80%) | ||
| + + | 206(38.10%) | 46(25.60%) | ||
| + + + | 139(25.70%) | 95(52.80%) | ||
| + + + + | 6(1.10%) | 5(2.80%) | ||
| Periodic antenatal examination | 422(78.10%) | 132(73.30%) | 1.764 | 0.184 |
| Edema | 182(33.70%) | 82(45.60%) | 8.166 | 0.004** |
| Pain and chest distress | 2(0.40%) | 2(1.10%) | 1.341 | 0.247 |
| Expiratory dyspnea | 1(0.20%) | 1(0.60%) | 0.669 | 0.414 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 1(0.20%) | 3(1.70%) | 5.363 | 0.021* |
| Dizziness and headache | 25(4.60%) | 20(11.10%) | 9.679 | 0.002** |
| Blurred vision | 18(3.30%) | 13(7.20%) | 4.955 | 0.026* |
| Respiratory disease | 2(0.40%) | 0(0.00%) | 0.669 | 0.414 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 12(2.20%) | 7(3.90%) | 1.46 | 0.227 |
| GDM | 133(24.60%) | 33(18.30%) | 3.017 | 0.082 |
| Immune system disease | 3(0.60%) | 1(0.60%) | 0 | 1 |
| Fundus disease | 13(2.40%) | 12(6.70%) | 7.307 | 0.007** |
| Thyroid disease | 58(10.70%) | 16(8.90%) | 0.502 | 0.479 |
| ICP | 34(6.30%) | 22(12.20%) | 6.609 | 0.01* |
(Significance levels: ‘***’0.001, ‘**’0.01, ‘*’0.05.)