Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Author/year | Country | Methods | Participants/data |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coles 2010 [9] | United States of America | Retrospective cohort study (n = 8245) using data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. | Self-reported data reported by women giving birth across 30 states over a 6-year period. |
| Colman 2010 [10] | Texas, United States of America | Time series design (n = 16,029). | State level data on abortions occurring over a 7-year period. |
| Cooney 2017 [11] | United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 286). | Genetic counsellors with prenatal experiences with a mean of 8.7 years’ experience. |
| Dennis 2014 [12] | Oklahoma, Arizona and Kansas, United States of America | Qualitative individual interviews (n = 30). | Women with experiences of abortion in three states. |
| Ely 2019 [13] | Tennessee, United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 422). | Women seeking abortion services in the state from one abortion provider. |
| Ehrenreich 2019a1 [14] | Utah, United States of America | Qualitative individual interviews (n = 18). | Women aged 18–40 years using telemedicine to attend state-mandated information visits. |
| Ehrenreich 2019b1 [15] | Utah, United States of America | Qualitative individual interviews (n = 20). | Women accessing abortion services, some of who opted for an information visit by telemedicine. |
| Fuentes 2019 [16] | United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 11,024) using the Abortion Patient Survey, 2014. | Women obtaining an abortion at 87 healthcare facilities. |
| Jerman 20171 [17] | Michigan and. New Mexico, United States of America | Qualitative individual interviews (n = 29). | Women aged 18–44 seeking abortion services at 6 facilities who had travelled across state lines or more than 100 miles within a state. |
| Jones 2013 [18] | United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 8338) using data from the Abortion Patient Survey, 2008. | Women obtaining abortions at 95 facilities in 34 different states. |
| Jones 2016 [19] | United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 7414) using the Abortion Patient Survey, 2014. | Women obtaining an abortion at 87 “non-hospital” healthcare facilities. |
| Jones 2017 [20] | v | Cross sectional study (n = 8380) using the Abortion Patient Survey, 2014. | Women obtaining an abortion at 87 “non-hospital” healthcare facilities |
| Karasek 2016 [21] | Arizona, United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 379). | Women aged 18–45 obtaining an abortion at one healthcare facility. |
| Medoff 2010a [22] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: Data on non-marital birth-rates from Centers for Disease Control; economic data from the US Census of Population, 2003. |
| Medoff 2010b [23] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: abortion data from Guttmacher Institute; socio-economic data from the US Bureau of the Census and the Statistical Abstract of the United States. |
| Medoff 2012 [24] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: abortion data from the Guttmacher Institute; socio-economic data from State Reports of the U. S Census Bureau. |
| Medoff 2014a [25] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: abortion data from Centers for Disease Control and Guttmacher Institute; socio-economic data from Statistical Abstract of the Unites States. |
| Medoff 2014b [26] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: data on pregnancy intentions from Centers for Disease Control; data on births from the US Vital Statistics Report. |
| Medoff 2014c [27] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: data on unintended pregnancy from a previous publication; abortion data from the Guttmacher Institute. |
| Medoff 2015 [28] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Multiple data sources: abortion data from the Guttmacher Institute; data on number of healthcare providers from the US Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States. |
| Medoff 2016 [29] | United States of America | Time series design (n = not reported). | Abortion data from Guttmacher Institute; data on unintended births from a previous publication. |
| Mercier 20151 [30] | North Carolina, United States of America | Qualitative individual interviews (n = 31). | Abortion providers (physicians, nurses, physician assistant, counselor and clinic administrators) working under the Women’s Right to Know Act (WRKA) with previous experience of working in a less restrictive environment. |
| Morse 20182 [31] | North Carolina, United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 48). | Women seeking an abortion at one healthcare facility over a 16-week period, some before and some after the waiting period was changed from 24 to 72 hours. |
| Myers 2021 [42] | United States of America | Randomized control trial, different in differences and event study (Poisson model). | Data from various sources including CDC abortion surveillance data, Guttmacher Institute statistics, NCHS data on state-level birth counts, state level estimates from SEER. |
| Roberts 2016 [32] | Utah, United States of America | Prospective cohort study (n = 500). | Women presenting at an abortion information visit at one healthcare facility. |
| Roberts 2017 [33] | Utah, United States of America | Prospective cohort study (n = 500). | Women presenting at an abortion information visit at one healthcare facility. |
| Ruhr 2016 [34] | Missouri, United States of America | Mixed methods study (n = 139/52 completed follow up survey). | Women 18 years and older seeking an abortion for an unintended pregnancy. |
| Sanders 2016 [35] | Utah, United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 3618 from database/307 completed questionnaire). | Abortion data from 11 clinics before and after the waiting period was changed from 24 h to 72 h. Women seeking abortion at a healthcare facility after the 72 h-law came into effect. |
| Sen 2012 [36] | United States of America | Time series design (n = 5100). | Data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Health Statistics Multiple Cause of Death public-use data files, 1983–2002, on deaths among children 0–4 years old. |
| Tosh 2015 [37] | United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = not reported). | State level population data from 50 states. |
| Wallace 2017 [38] | United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 3,948,761). | Data from multiple sources Data on live births in 2011 were obtained from The National Center for Health Statistics. |
| White 20161 [40] | Alabama, United States of America | Qualitative individual interviews (n = 25). | Women aged 19 years and above seeking abortion at two clinics after travelling more than 30 miles one way. |
| White 2017 [41] | Alabama, United States of America | Cross sectional study (n = 2730). | Billing data from two clinics for all abortions over a 12-month period. |
| Williams 2018 [39] | Arizona, United States of America | Time series design (n = 43,692). | Data from multiple sources including: Demographic and Health Survey data, before and after legislation of abortion restrictions came into effect |