Table 1.
Characteristics of enrolled studies
| Author [Year] | Study Population | Age (mean) | Atrial Fibrillation (N%) | NIHSS (mean) | No. of patients (VKA/DOAC /non-OAC) | Outcome Measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seiffge 2015 [5] | patients with AIS occurring while taking NOACs who were treated with IVT or IAT or both |
VKA 77 (68–83) DOAC 76 (68–81) Non-OAC 71 (60–79) |
VKA 345 (78.8) DOAC 68 (87.2) Non-OAC 2152 (24.3) |
VKA 14.5 (7–19) DOAC 14 (8–19) Non-OAC 10 (6–16) |
441/78/8838 | sICH (ECASS-II), MRS |
| Rebello 2015 [6] | retrospective analysis of prospectively collected consecutive intra-arterial therapies |
VKA 68.7 ± 13.57 DOAC 68.6 ± 7.45 Non-OAC 64.0 ± 14.7 |
VKA 17 (58) DOAC 14 (82) Non-OAC 66(24) |
VKA 19.3 ± 5.5 DOAC 17.2 ± 7.6 Non-OAC 18.3 ± 6.3 |
29/17/265 | sICH (HI-I/PH-II), mortality, reperfusion, MRS |
| Rozeman 2016 [7] | national Dutch database on IAT in AIS patients |
VKA 61.5 (27–80) Non-OAC 62 (12–93) |
Not provided |
VKA 14.5 (5–38) Non-OAC 16 (1–42) |
18/Nil/438 | sICH (ECASS-II), MRS |
| Benavente 2016 [8] | 30 APs with current use of dicumarins and 87 N-APs treated with direct MT with stent retriever |
VKA 72.8 ± 7.85 Non-OAC 67.07 ± 10.60 |
VKA 87.49% Non-OAC 17.44% |
VKA 17 (7–28) Non-OAC 16 (2–24) |
30/Nil/87 | sICH (ECASS-II), mortality, reperfusion, MRS |
| Uphaus 2016 [9] | adult AIS patients who underwent thrombectomy | Not provided | Not provided | Not provided | 85/Nil/730 | sICH (ECASS-II), MRS |
| Mundiyanapurath 2016 [10] | patients with anterior circulation stroke treated with endovascular therapy | All 72 (62–79) | Not provided | All 17 (14–20) | 45/Nil/390 | sICH (ECASS-II), MRS |
| Zapata-Wainberg 2017 [11] | consecutive patients with AIS treated with MT |
OAC 72.73 ± 9.23 Non-OAC 65.87 ± 13.23 |
OAC 104 (92.0) Non-OAC 96 (24.7) |
OAC 16 (9) Non-OAC 17 (9) |
104/9/389 | sICH (SIST), reperfusion, MRS |
| Cernik 2018 [12] | consecutive non-selected patients, who were treated with MT |
VKA 76 ± 11 DOAC 77 ± 6 Non-OAC 70.0 ± 12.5 |
OAC 74 (84) Non-OAC 230 (38) |
OAC 16.5 (2–36) Non-OAC 17.0 (1–42) |
50/15/615 | sICH (PH-II, ECASS-II), MRS |
| L’Allinec 2018 [13] | Aps and N-APs treated with MT, and N-APs treated with IV-rtPA and MT |
OAC 75 (13) Non-OAC 64 (14) |
OAC 30 (75) Non-OAC 22 (21) |
OAC 18 (8) Non-OAC 17 (7) |
30/4/105 | sICH (NINDS), MRS |
| Krajickova 2018 [14] | patients with AIS in the anterior circulation due to LVO treated with MT with or without IVT |
OAC 75 ± 8.0 Non-OAC 71.1 ± 13.8 |
OAC 26 (100) Non-OAC 114 (44) |
OAC 15 (1–28) Non-OAC 14 (0–40) |
21/5/259 | sICH (SIST-MOST), MRS |
| Wong 2018 [15] | consecutive patients undergoing MT |
OAC 72.5 (59–78.5) Non-OAC 70.5 (57–76) |
OAC 31 (86.1) Non-OAC 28 (42.4) |
OAC 16 (9.5–20.5) Non-OAC 16.5 (10–20) |
23/13/66 | sICH (ECASS-II), reperfusion, MRS |
| Meinel 2020 [16] | investigate the safety and efficacy of neurothrombectomy device in AIS |
VKA 79 (71–84) DOAC 78 (70–83) Non-OAC 73 (60–81) |
VKA 176 (80) DOAC 66 (68.0) Non-OAC 641 (40.1) |
VKA 16 (11–20) DOAC 16 (8.5–19.5) Non-OAC 16 (10–20) |
222/98/1622 | sICH (ECASS-II), mortality, MRS |
| Goldhoorn 2020 [17] | AIS caused by an intracranial anterior circulation occlusion undergoing EVT |
OAC 78 (69–84) Non-OAC 71 (60–80) |
OAC 394 (78) Non-OAC 359 (13) |
OAC 17 (12–20) Non-OAC 16 (11–19) |
404/98/2660 | sICH (HI-I/PH-II), mortality, reperfusion, MRS |
| Ramos-Araque 2020 [18] | all consecutive AIS patients treated with reperfusion therapies |
VKA 76.66 ± 10.2 DOAC 76.37 ± 9.79 Non-OAC 71.5 ± 13.2 |
VKA 171 (89) DOAC 78 (96) Non-OAC 153 (13) |
VKA 18 (12–21) DOAC 15 (9–20) Non-OAC 16 (10–20) |
193/81/1181 | sICH (ECASS-II), mortality, MRS |
| Kupper 2020 [19] | all consecutive patients with LVO with an intention to be treated with EVT |
VKA 77.7 ± 10 DOAC 77.7 ± 10.9 Non-OAC 72.0 ± 13.5 |
VKA 413 (86.9) DOAC 715 (87.5) Non-OAC 1438 (29.9) |
VKA 15 (0–42) DOAC 15 (0–42) Non-OAC 14 (0–42) |
479/827/4867 | sICH (ECASS-II), mortality, reperfusion, MRS |
VKA Vitamin K antagonist, DOAC Direct oral anticoagulant, OAC Oral anticoagulant, NOAC Novel oral anticoagulant, IVT intravenous thrombolysis, IAT Intra-arterial thrombolysis, MT Mechanical thrombectomy, EVT Endovascular thrombectomy, APs anticoagulated patients, AIS Acute ischemic stroke, LVO Large vessel occlusion, sICH Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, MRS Modified Rankin Scale, ECASS-II European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II, HI-I Hemorrhagic infarction type 1, PH-II Parenchymal hematoma type 2, SIST-MOST Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study, NINDS National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke