daCosta 1999.

Methods	Randomized single center trial Blinding of randomization: yes (Sealed envelopes) Blinding of intervention: no Complete follow‐up: yes Blinding of outcome measurement: no Stratification: none stated
Participants	Gestational age less than 37 weeks Birth weight greater than 999 grams Assisted ventilation Supplemental oxygen greater than or equal to 40% Mean airway pressure greater than or equal to 7.5 cm H2O Respiratory distress syndrome Age less than or equal to 8 hours No evidence of life‐threatening congenital malformation, sepsis, pulmonary hypoplasia, circulatory collapse, pneumothorax, IVH grade 3‐4 Colfosceril palmitate (Exosurf Neonatal) n= 43 Beractant (Survanta) n= 46
Interventions	Beractant (Survanta) vs. colfosceril palmitate (Exosurf Neonatal) Multiple doses
Outcomes	PRIMARY: Oxygenation Index at 24 hours Death or chronic lung disease at 28 days SECONDARY: Ventilator requirement Complications of prematurity
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Blinding of randomization: yes (sealed envelopes) Stratification: none stated
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Blinding of intervention: no
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Blinding of outcome measurement: no
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Complete follow‐up: yes
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk