Table 1.

Sequence of oligonucleotide primers used for PCR amplification of virulence, outer membrane protein and porin, and antibiotic-resistance genes.

Genes	Primer sequence (5’-3’)	Product (bp)	PCR amplification conditions	References
InvA	GTGAAATTATCGCCACGTTCGGGCAA TCATCGCACCGTCAAAGGAAGGAACC	284	Initial denaturation at 95°C for 5 min; 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 64°C for 30 s, and 72°C for 45 s: final extension at 72°C for 10 min	[24]
Stn	TTGTGTCGCTATCACTGGCAACC ATTCGTAACCCGCTCTCGTCC	617	Initial denaturation at 95°C for 3 min; 25 cycles of 94°C for 1 min, 59°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 1 min; final extension at 72°C for 10 min	[25]
OmpA	AGTCGAGCTCATGAAAAAGACAGCTATCGC AGTCAAGCT TTTAAGCCTGCGGCTGAG TTA	1052	Initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 min; 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 55°C for 40 s, and 72°C for 1 min; final extension at 72°C for 10 min	[26]
OmpF	CCTGGCAGCGGTGATCC TGGTGTAACCTACGCCATC	519	Initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 min; 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 60°C for 40 s, and 72°C for 45 s; final extension at 72°C for 10 min	[27]
bla TEM	CGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGA ACGCTCACCGGCTCCAGATTTAT	445	Initial denaturation at 95°C for 15 min; 30 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 62°C for 90 s, and 72°C for 60 s; final extension at 72°C for 10 min	[28]
bla SHV	CTTTATCGGCCCTCACTCAA AGGTGCTCATCATGGGAAAG	237
bla CTX-M	ATGTGCAGYACCAGTAARGTKATGGC TGGGTRAARTARGTSACCAGAAYC AGC GG	593
bla OXA-1	ACA CAA TAC ATA TCA ACT TCG C AGT GTG TTT AGA ATG GTG ATC	813
bla CMY-2	AGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATA CCCGTTTTATG CACCCATGA	695	Initial denaturation at 94°Cfor 5 min; 30 cycles of 94°C for 1 min, 61°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 1 min; final extension at 72°C for 5 min	[29]
bla KPC	ATG TCA CTG TAT CGC CGT CT TTT TCA GAG CCT TAC TGC CC	882	Initial denaturation at 95°C for 15 min; 30 cycles of 94°C for 1 min, 55°C for 1 min, and 72°C for 2 min; final extension at 72°C for 10 min	[30]
bla OXA-48	TTG GTG GCA TCG ATT ATC GG GAG CAC TTC TTT TGT GAT GGC	743
bla NDM	GGT TTG GCG ATC TGG TTT TC CGG AAT GGC TCA TCA CGA TC	621

PCR=Polymerase chain reaction