TABLE 3.
Population pharmacokinetic models for different antifungal agentsa
| Antifungal | Yr | Population | Dialysis or RRT or ECMO | No. patients (no. samples) | Compartments (no.) | Equation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caspofungin | 2016 | ICU patients | Not mentioned | 21 (419) | 2 | CL = 0.55 · (BW/70)0.75; V = 8.98 · (BW/70) | 29 |
| Micafungin | 2017 | ICU patients with sepsis and mechanical ventilation | 19 patients were on intermittent hemodialysis and 11 patients were on ECMO | 99 (436) | 2 | CL = 1.34 · (BW/84)0.59 · 1.14 (if albumin ≤ 25 g/L) · 0.75 (if SOFA ≥10); Vc = 11.8 · (BW/84)0.61 · 1.14 (if albumin ≤25 g/L); Vp = 7.68 · (BW/84)0.67 · 1.14 (if albumin ≤25 g/L) | 19 |
| Anidulafungin | 2020 | Critically ill patients | Not mentioned | 13 (205) | 2 | CL = 0.778 · (SOFA/12)-0.924; V =10.2 · (BMI/25)2.74 | 20 |
| Fluconazole (i.v.) | 2012 | Critically ill patients | Not mentioned | 57 (295) | 1 | CL = 0.799 · (CLCR/92.7)0.685; V = 48.1 · (BW/65) 1.40 | 30 |
| Fluconazole (p.o.) | 2003 | Patients in the surgical ICU | Not mentioned | 110 (409) | 1 | Cl = 1.19 · CLCR/(45.4 + CLCR); V = 109 · (BW/80)·{1 + [−0.0141 · (age − 60)]} | 31 |
| Voriconazole | 2015 | Critically ill patients with pulmonary disease | Not mentioned | 62 (240) | 1 | CL = 4.28·(DBIL/2.6) − 0.40; V = 93.4 | 32 |
a
BMI, body mass index; BW, body weight; CLCR, creatinine clearance; DBIL, direct bilirubin; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; RRT, renal replacement therapy; Vc, volumes of central distribution; Vp, volumes of peripheral distribution.