TABLE 3.
Patients’ characteristics and frequency of ADRs.
| Characteristics | Adverse drug reactions n (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Yes (n = 220) | No (n = 51) | |
| Gender | 221 (81.2) | 51 (18.8) | |
| Male | 139 (51.3) | 111 (79.9) | 28 (20.1) |
| Female | 132 (48.7) | 109 (82.6) | 23 (17.4) |
| Age (years) (Mean ± SD = 36.75 ± 15.69) | |||
| 18–35 years | 139 (51.3) | 122 (87.8) | 17 (12.2) |
| 36–50 years | 80 (29.5) | 62 (77.5) | 18 (22.5) |
| >50 years | 52 (19.2) | 36 (69.2) | 16 (30.8) |
| Patient weight at baseline (kg) (Mean ± SD = 45.44 ± 11.61) | |||
| <40 kg | 188 (69.4) | 153 (81.4) | 35 (18.6) |
| ≥40 kg | 83 (30.6) | 67 (80.7) | 16 (19.3) |
| Marital Status | |||
| Unmarried | 76 (28) | 70 (92.1) | 6 (7.9) |
| Married | 195 (72) | 150 (76.9) | 45 (23.1) |
| Residence | |||
| Rural | 131 (48.3) | 108 (82.4) | 23 (17.6) |
| Urban | 140 (51.7) | 112 (80) | 28 (20) |
| Smoking history | |||
| Non-smoker | 240 (88.6) | 194 (80.8) | 46 (19.2) |
| Active and ex-smoker | 31 (11.4) | 25 (80.6) | 5 (19.4) |
| Duration of illness prior to DR-TB diagnosis | |||
| Less than 6 months | 74 (27.3) | 64 (86.5) | 10 (13.5) |
| 6–12 months | 145 (53.5) | 117 (80.7) | 28 (19.3) |
| 1–2 years | 37 (13.7) | 27 (73) | 10 (27) |
| More than 2 years | 15 (5.5) | 12 (80) | 3 (20) |
| Treatment category | |||
| New | 38 ()14 | 32 (84.2) | 6 (15.8) |
| Relapse | 6 (2.2) | 3 (50) | 3 (50) |
| Treatment after failure | 198 (73.1) | 161 (81.3) | 37 (18.7) |
| Treatment after loss to follow-up | 26 (9.6) | 22 (84.6) | 4 (15.4) |
| Others | 3 (1.1) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) |
| Previous TB treatment | |||
| Yes | 233 (86.3) | 188 (80.7) | 45 (19.3) |
| No | 37 (13.7) | 31 (83.8) | 6 (16.2) |
| Resistance to All FLDs | |||
| Yes | 14 (5.2) | 12 (85.7) | 2 (14.3) |
| No | 257 (94.8) | 208 (80.9) | 49 (19.1) |
| Previous use of SLDs | |||
| Yes | 17 (6.5) | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) |
| No | 244 (93.5) | 198 (81.1) | 46 (18.9) |
| Resistance to any SLDs | |||
| Yes | 71 (26.2) | 57 (80.3) | 14 (19.7) |
| No | 200 (73.8) | 163 (81.5) | 37 (18.5) |
| Co-morbidity | |||
| Yes | 45 (16.6) | 38 (84.4) | 7 (15.6) |
| No | 226 (83.4) | 182 (80.5) | 44 (19.5) |
| Patients’ family TB history/status | |||
| No TB | 251 (92.6) | 206 (82.1) | 45 (17.9) |
| DS-TB | 14 (5.2) | 11 (78.6) | 3 (21.4) |
| DR-TB | 6 (2.2) | 3 (50) | 3 (50) |
| Hemoglobin level at baseline | |||
| Normal | 64 (27) | 56 (87.5) | 8 (12.5) |
| Less than normal | 173 (73) | 150 (86.7) | 23 (13.3) |
| Baseline sputum grading | |||
| Negative | 22 (8.1) | 18 (81.8) | 4 (18.2) |
| Scanty a , +1 b | 134 (49.4) | 107 (79.9) | 27 (20.1) |
| +2 c , +3 d | 115 (42.4) | 95 (82.6) | 20 (17.4) |
| Lung cavitation at baseline | |||
| No cavitation | 50 (18.5) | 30 (60) | 20 (40) |
| Unilateral cavitation | 67 (24.7) | 62 (92.5) | 5 (7.5) |
| Bilateral cavitation | 154 (56.8) | 128 (83.1) | 26 (16.9) |
| Body mass index (BMI) | |||
| Underweight | 41 (15.1) | 31 (75.6) | 10 (24.4) |
| Normal | 77 (28.4) | 66 (85.7) | 11 (14.3) |
| Overweight | 153 (56.5) | 123 (80.4) | 30 (19.6) |
| Patient resistance category | |||
| RR only | 134 (49.4) | 110 (82.1) | 24 (17.9) |
| PDR | 1 (0.4) | 1 (100) | 0 |
| MDR | 128 (47.2) | 104 (81.3) | 24 (18.8) |
| XDR | 8 (3) | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) |
| Treatment outcome category | |||
| Cured | 187 (69) | 182 (82.7) | 5 (9.8) |
| Died | 48 (17.7) | 29 (60.4) | 19 (39.6) |
| Failed | 2 (0.7) | 2 (100) | 0 |
| Loss to follow-up (defaulted) | 34 (12.5) | 7 (20.6) | 27 (79.4) |
FLDs, first-line anti-TB drugs; SLDs, second-line anti-TB drugs; DS-TB, drug-susceptible TB; DR-TB, drug-resistant TB; kg, kilogram; SD, standard deviation.
a
1–9 Acid-fast bacilli (AFB)/100 high power field (HPF).
b
10–99 AFB/100HPF.
c
1–9 AFB/HPF.
d
>9 AFB/HPF.