TABLE 6.
Univariate analysis of risk factors associated with adverse drug reactions.
| Variable | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Female | Referent | 0.567 |
| Male | 0.876 (0.454–1.542) | |
| Age (years) (Mean ± SD = 36.75 ± 15.69) | ||
| 18–35 years | Referent | 0.011 |
| 36–50 years | 0.48 (0.231–0.996) | 0.049 |
| >50 years | 0.314 (0.144–0.682) | 0.003 |
| Patient weight at baseline (kg) (Mean ± SD = 45.44 ± 11.61) | ||
| <40 kg | Referent | 0.898 |
| ≥40 kg | 0.958 (0.496–1.849) | — |
| Marital Status | ||
| Married | Referent | 0.006 |
| Unmarried | 3.5 (1.426–8.590) | |
| Residence | ||
| Rural | Referent | 0.607 |
| Urban | 0.852 (0.462–1.570) | |
| Smoking history | ||
| Non-smoker | Referent | 0.742 |
| Active and ex-smoker | 1.186 (0.431–3.263) | |
| Duration of illness prior to DR-TB diagnosis | ||
| Less than 6 months | Referent | 0.397 |
| 6–12 months | 0.653 (0.298–1.430) | 0.286 |
| 1–2 years | 0.422 (0.158–1.130) | 0.086 |
| More than 2 years | 0.625 (0.150–2.612) | 0.519 |
| Treatment category | ||
| New | Referent | 0.403 |
| Relapse | 0.188 (0.03–1.16) | 0.072 |
| Treatment after failure | 0.816 (0.318–2.093) | 0.672 |
| Treatment after loss to follow up | 1.031 (0.26–4.086) | 0.965 |
| Others | 0.375 (0.029–4.821) | 0.452 |
| Previous TB treatment | ||
| No | Referent | 0.655 |
| Yes | 0.809 (0.318–2.055) | |
| Resistance to All FLDs | ||
| No | Referent | 0.657 |
| Yes | 1.413 (0.306–6.521) | |
| Previous use of SLDs | ||
| No | Referent | 0.294 |
| Yes | 0.558 (0.187–1.661) | |
| Resistance to any SLDs | ||
| No | Referent | 0.822 |
| Yes | 0.924 (0.466–1.833) | |
| Co-morbidity | ||
| No | Referent | 0.541 |
| Yes | 1.312 (0.549–3.135) | |
| Patients’ family TB history/status | ||
| No TB | Referent | 0.183 |
| DS-TB | 0.801 (0.215–2.989) | 0.741 |
| DR-TB | 0.218 (0.043–1.118) | 0.068 |
| Hemoglobin level at baseline | ||
| Normal | Referent | 0.028 |
| Less than normal | 2.023 (1.079–3.793) | |
| Baseline sputum grading | ||
| Negative | Referent | 0.855 |
| Scanty a , +1 b | 0.881 (0.275–2.817) | 0.83 |
| +2 c , +3 d | 1.056 (0.322–3.455) | 0.929 |
| Lung cavitation at baseline | ||
| No cavitation | Referent | |
| Cavitation | 4.086 (2.067–8.076) | 0.00 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | ||
| Under weight | Referent | 0.386 |
| Normal | 1.935 (0.743–5.039) | 0.176 |
| Overweight | 1.323 (0.584–2.994) | 0.502 |
SLDs, second line anti-TB drugs; DS-TB, drug susceptible TB; DR-TB, drug resistant TB; kg, kilogram; SD, standard deviation.
a
1–9 Acid-fast bacilli (AFB)/100 high power field (HPF).
b
10–99 AFB/100HPF.
c
1–9 AFB/HPF.
d
>9 AFB/HPF; FLDs, first-line anti-TB drugs.
Bold values means that p‐value is significant.