Table 4.
Treatment Effects of Olanzapine and Probiotics Plus Dietary Fiber vs Olanzapine Monotherapy at Week 4/8/12 in Study 2.
| Week 4 | Week 8 | Week 12 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean difference Olanzapine and probiotics plus dietary fiber vs olanzapine alone | p value | Mean difference Olanzapine and probiotics plus dietary fiber vs olanzapine alone | p value | Mean difference Olanzapine and probiotics plus dietary fiber vs olanzapine alone | p value | |
| Primary outcomes | ||||||
| Weight, kg | 0.78 (−0.64, 2.21) | 0.275 | −0.64 (−2.83, 1.56) | 0.561 | −3.45 (−5.91, −1.00) | 0.007 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | −0.32 (−0.24, 0.88) | 0.258 | −0.24 (−1.20, 0.73) | 0.621 | −1.26 (−2.28, −0.24) | 0.016 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||
| Fasting insulin, µIU/mL | 4.29 (−1.80, 10.39) | 0.162 | 0.63 (−2.45, 3.72) | 0.679 | −3.79 (−7.37, −0.22) | 0.038 |
| IRI | 0.87 (−0.44, 2.17) | 0.187 | −0.12 (−0.73, 0.49) | 0.695 | −0.95 (−1.77, −0.14) | 0.022 |
| Fasting glucose, µIU/mL | 0.33 (−0.13, 0.79) | 0.159 | 0.23 (−0.10, 0.57) | 0.167 | −0.16 (−0.39, 0.07) | 0.161 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | −0.14 (−0.55, 1.27) | 0.489 | 0.16 (−0.27, 0.59) | 0.448 | 0.06 (−0.35, 0.47) | 0.760 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 0.65 (0.33, 0.97) | <0.001 | 0.35 (−0.11, 0.80) | 0.136 | 0.20 (−0.27, 0.67) | 0.401 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 0.21 (0.09, 0.34) | 0.002 | 0.18 (0.02, 0.35) | 0.028 | 0.26 (0.07, 0.44) | 0.008 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 0.37 (0.10, 0.640) | 0.008 | 0.20 (−0.22, 0.62) | 0.339 | 0.11 (−0.31, 0.53) | 0.616 |
The estimated differences are based on the estimated marginal means. P values represented the differences in characteristics at different time points between the olanzapine plus probiotics and dietary fiber group and the olanzapine alone group.
IRI, insulin resistance index; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; IRI was calculated as insulin level (mIU/L) × fasting glucose(mmol/L)/22.5. Data were presented with estimated mean difference and 95% confidence interval.