Table 1.

Clinical Rating Scales to Assess Motor Behavior

Motor abnormality	Example behavior	Standard clinical rating scalea
Akathisia	Restlessness or fidgetiness	Barnes akathisia rating scale (BARS)36
Catatonia	Multiple behaviors including immobility, posturing, excitement	Bush Francis catatonia rating scale (BFCRS)37
Dyskinesia	Repetitive, involuntary movements in face or limbs	Abnormal involuntary movement scale (AIMS)38
Neurological soft signs	Problems in coordinating or sequencing motor acts	Neurological evaluation scale (NES)39
Parkinsonism	Rigor, tremor, bradykinesia	Unified Parkinson’s Disease rating scale (UPDRS)40
Psychomotor slowing	Slowing of gross and fine motor behaviors, including gait or handwriting	Salpetrière Retardation Rating Scale (SRRS)41

Note:

^amultiple other scales are available.