Table 5.
Echo RV haemodynamic parameters
| Doppler parameter | Abnormality threshold10 | Mean ± SD | Feasibility (%) | Formula for estimation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) from peak TR velocity or RVSP | >40 mmHg | 51.4 ± 23.3 | 83 | RVSP = 4V2 |
| PASP = 4V2 + RAP | ||||
| (V = peak TRV) | ||||
| RVSP aided by agitated saline/enhancing agent | >40 mmHg | 52.0 ± 22.9 | 12a | RVSP = 4V2 |
| PASP = 4V2 + RAP | ||||
| (V = peak TRV) | ||||
| mPAP from peak pulmonary insufficiency(PI) jet (early) | ≥ 25 mmHg | 28.4 ± 14.1 | 25 | mPAP = 4V2 + RAP |
| (V = PI early peak) | ||||
| Pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure (PAEDP) from peak PI jet (late) | >15 mmHg | 16.2 ± 8.8 | 43 | PAEDP = 4V2 + RAP |
| (V = PI late peak) | ||||
| Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) | >3.0 WU | –– | –– | PVR = TRV m/s ÷ RVOT VTI (cm) x 10 + 0.16 |
| Change in LV shape due to septal flattening | >1.2 | –– | –– | LV eccentricity index = D2/D1 |
a
Agitated saline/enhancing agent used in 185 subjects, 12% had increase in TR velocity achieved.