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. 2022 Jun 17;153:113296. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113296

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

AC shows neuroprotective activity. AC ameliorates I/R injury by attenuating the expression of HIF-1α, NF-κB, and VEGF. AC protects against AD development by activating AMPK, attenuating NF-κB, and decreasing Aβ production and oligomerization. In addition, AC inhibits caspase-3 expression and oxidative stress, leading to amelioration of PD development.