Table 2.

Types of engagement: Capacity-strengthening done to, for, with, and by local community-based treatment and care services and national service systems

Type of engagement	Description
To	Local CBTC services have no say or control over the capacity-strengthening process, and donor worldviews and practices prevail.
For	Clear benefits for local CBTC services from capacity-building and their aspirations are acknowledged, but there is minimal consultation with these services or their communities. Capacity-building is designed and managed without reference to local values, principles, or priorities. Decision-making power resides with the external advisor, and donor worldviews and practices prevail.
With	Stakeholders from local CBTC services make up most of the capacity-building team. Capacity-building is responsive to and respectful of community contexts and utilizes local knowledge. Power and decision making is shared and negotiated. Local and international approaches and practices are utilized.
By	Local CBTC services lead capacity-building, and local CBTC services have the overall authority and power to make decisions about the capacity-strengthening design, approaches, and practices.

Source: Adapted from N. Wehipeihana, “Increasing cultural competence in support of Indigenous-led evaluation: A necessary step toward Indigenous-led evaluation,” Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 34/2 (2019)