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. 2022 Jun 17;35(6):e523–e529. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.06.006

Table 2.

Breastfeeding intention during pregnancy and impact of COVID-19 on breastfeeding behaviour.

All N = 3253 Brazil n = 560 Taiwan n = 614 Thailand n = 840 South Korea n = 381 UK n = 858 p
Intention to breastfeed during pregnancy 2931 (90.1) 554 (98.9) 506 (82.4) 758 (90.2) 284 (74.5) 829 (96.6) < .0001
Breastfeeding in the last 24 h
Directly on breast
Expressed breast milk
2789 (85.7)
2392 (73.5)
1246 (38.3)
529 (94.5)
508 (90.7)
77 (13.8)
455 (74.1)
333 (54.2)
323 (52.6)
750 (89.3)
544 (64.8)
503 (59.9)
295 (77.4)
274 (71.9)
192 (50.4)
760 (88.6)
733 (85.4)
151 (17.6)
< .0001
< .0001
< .0001
Breastfeeding directly from breast
Did/do not intend to feed
Shorter than I intended
The same duration as I intended
Longer than I intended
489(15.1)
603(18.6)
1746 (53.7)
411(12.7)
80 (14.4)
60 (10.8)
352 (63.3)
64 (11.5)
73(11.9)
197(32.1)
277(45.1)
67(10.9)
265 (31.6)
166 (19.8)
251 (29.9)
158 (18.8)
29(7.6)
94(24.7)
190(49.9)
68(17.9)
42 (4.9)
86 (10.0)
676 (78.8)
54 (6.3)
< .0001
Breastfeeding from expressed breast milk
Did/do not intend to feed
Shorter than I intended
The same duration as I intended
Longer than I intended
895(27.6)
654(20.1)
1325 (40.8)
375(11.5)
206 (37.1)
95 (17.1)
211 (38.0)
44 (7.9)
51(8.3)
192(31.3)
283(46.1)
88(14.3)
235 (28.0)
180 (21.4)
281 (33.5)
144 (17.1)
67(17.6)
101(26.5)
164(43.0)
49(12.9)
336 (39.2)
86 (10.0)
386 (45.0)
50 (5.8)
< .0001

Note: The participant can choose either “directly on breast” or “expressed breast milk” or both. Directly from breast and expressed breast milk were non-exclusive categories.