REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Antibodies
Rabbit anit-ACE2	Abcam	Cat# ab15348; RRID: AB_301861
Goat anti-ACE2	R&D	Cat# AF933; RRID: AB_355722
Mouse anti-CHGA	Santa Cruz	Cat# sc-393941; RRID: AB_2801371
Rabbit anti-INS	Cell Signaling	Cat# 3014; RRID: AB_2126503
Rat anti-C-peptide	DSHB	Cat# GN-ID4; RRID: AB_2255626
Mouse anti-NKX2-2	DSHB	Cat# 74.5A5; RRID: AB_531794
Mouse anti-NKX6-1	DSHB	Cat# F55A10; RRID: AB_532378
Mouse anti-NRP1	Santa Cruz	Cat# sc-5307; RRID: AB_2282634
Goat anti-PDX1	R&D	Cat# AF2419; RRID: AB_355257
Rabbit anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (Nc)	Homemade: Pyrc Lab	N/A
Mouse anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nc	Thermo Fisher	Cat# MA5-29981; RRID: AB_2785780
Rabbit anti-SOX9	Millipore	Cat# AB5535; RRID: AB_2239761
Mouse anti-TMPRSS2	DSHB	Cat# P5H9-A3; RRID: AB_2205599
Rabbit anti-cleaved Caspase 3 (Asp175)	Cell Signaling	Cat# 9664; RRID: AB_2070042
Mouse anti-phospho- MLKL (Ser538)	St. John’s Laboratory	Cat# STJ97776
Goat isotype control	GeneTex	Cat# GTX35039; RRID: AB_10623176
Sheep isotype control	R&D	Cat# 5-001-A; RRID: AB_10141430
Alexa Fluor 350 Donkey Anti-Rabbit	Thermo Fisher	Cat# A10039; RRID: AB_2534015
Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Goat	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 705-545-147; RRID: AB_2336933
Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Mouse	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 715-545-150; RRID: AB_2340846
Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Rabbit	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 711-545-152; RRID: AB_2313584
TRITC Donkey Anti-Rabbit	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 711-025-152; RRID: AB_2340588
TRITC Donkey Anti-Goat	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 705-025-147; RRID: AB_2340389
TRITC Donkey Anti-Mouse	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 715-025-150; RRID: AB_2340766
TRITC Donkey Anti-Rat	Jackson Immuno Research	Cat# 712-025-153; RRID: AB_2340636
Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey Anti-Mouse	Jackson ImmunoResearch	Cat# 715-605-151; RRID: AB_2340863
Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey Anti-Goat	Jackson Immuno Research	Cat# 705-605-147; RRID: AB_2340437
Bacterial and virus strains
SARS-CoV-2 strain: BavPat1/2020	EVAg	Ref-SKU: 026V-03883
Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins
StemFlex Medium	Thermo Fisher	Cat# A3349401
rhVTN	Thermo Fisher	Cat# A31804
RPMI 1640	Corning	Cat# 15-041-CVR
DMEM	Corning	Cat# 15-013-CV
CMRL 1066	Corning	Cat# 15-110-CV
GlutaMAX Supplement	Thermo Fisher	Cat# 35050038
HyClone Characterized FBS	GE Healthcare	Cat# SH30071.02
Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium (ITS -G)	Thermo Fisher	Cat# 41400045
MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution (NEAA)	Thermo Fisher	Cat # 11140035
B-27 Supplement	Thermo Fisher	Cat# 17504044
Recombinant Human/Murine/Rat Activin A	Peprotech	Cat# 120-14P
Recombinant Human KGF	Peprotech	Cat# AF-100-19
Recombinant Human EGF	Peprotech	Cat# AF-100-15
CHIR 99021	Peprotech	Cat# 2520691
TTNPB	Tocris	Cat# 0761
Alk5i II	Adooq	Cat# A11762
LDN193189	Peprotech	Cat# 1066208
LY-411575	Adooq	Cat# A11176
T3 (3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine sodium salt)	Sigma Aldrich	Cat# T6397
vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid)	Sigma Aldrich	Cat# A4544
N-acetyl-L-cysteine	Sigma Aldrich	Cat# A7250
zinc sulfate	Merck Millipore	Cat# 1.08883
Heparin sodium salt	Sigma Aldrich	Cat# H3149
Camostat mesylate	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# SML0057
E64	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# E3132
Bafilomycin A1	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# B1793-2UG
Cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074 methyl ester	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# C5857
Cathepsin L inhibitor II	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# 21942
NH4Cl	Bioshop	Cat# AMC303
Critical commercial assays
Viral DNA/RNA kit	A&A Biotechnology	Cat# 034-100
High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit	Thermo Fisher	Cat# 4368814
GoTaq Probe 1-Step RT-qPCR System	Promega	Cat# A6121
Human XL Cytokine Luminex Performance Assay Fixed Panel	R&D	Cat# LKTM014
DreamTaq Green PCR Master Mix (2X)	Thermo Fisher	Cat# K1081
Experimental models: Cell lines
Vero E6	ATCC	CRL-1586
ISL1-GFP hPSCs	A gift from Drs. Lei Bu, Kenneth Chien (Lui et al., 2018)	N/A
Oligonucleotides
Forward primer for RT-qPCR CAC ATT GGC ACC CGC AAT C	This paper	N/A
Reverse primer for RT-qPCR GAG GAA CGA GAA GAG GCT TG	This paper	N/A
Probe for RT-qPCR ACT TCC TCA AGG AAC AAC ATT GCC A (FAM/BHQ1)	This paper	N/A
Forward primer for sg mRNA TAT ACC TTC CCA GGT AAC AAA CCA	This paper	N/A
Reverse primer for sg mRNA, first PCR reaction GTA GCT CTT CGG TAG TAG CCA AT	This paper	N/A
Reverse primer for sg mRNA, second PCR reaction TCT TCC TTG CCA TGT TGA GTG A	This paper	N/A
Software and algorithms
Graph Pad Prism 8 software	Graph Pad Prism	https://www.graphpad.com/scientific-software/prism/
Nikon NIS Elements AR 5.21.01 64 bi	Nikon	https://www.microscope.healthcare.nikon.com/en_EU/products/software/nis-elements/nis-elements-advanced-research