Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of the cohort
| Characteristic | Negative, N = 97a | COVID-19, N = 330a | p valueb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age | 64 (51, 77) | 64 (52, 75) | 0.8 |
| Sex | 0.017 | ||
| Female | 48 (49%) | 117 (35%) | |
| Male | 49 (51%) | 213 (65%) | |
| Race | <0.001 | ||
| Asian | 10 (10%) | 24 (7.3%) | |
| Black | 15 (15%) | 40 (12%) | |
| Not specified | 16 (16%) | 48 (15%) | |
| Other | 6 (6.2%) | 71 (22%) | |
| White | 50 (52%) | 147 (45%) | |
| BMI | 24.7 (21.7, 28.5) | 27.4 (23.7, 31.0) | <0.001 |
| Risk Factors | |||
| CAD | 23 (24%) | 55 (17%) | 0.2 |
| DM | 19 (20%) | 89 (27%) | 0.2 |
| HTN | 55 (57%) | 182 (55%) | 0.9 |
| CKD/ESRD | 17 (18%) | 17 (5.2%) | <0.001 |
| Active cancer | 40 (41%) | 30 (9.1%) | <0.001 |
| Immunosuppressed state | 29 (30%) | 14 (4.2%) | <0.001 |
| Laboratories | |||
| Lymphocyte count | 1.03 (0.50, 1.60) | 0.80 (0.60, 1.10) | 0.081 |
| Platelet count | 202 (132, 275) | 191 (145, 252) | 0.9 |
| D-dimer | 242 (150, 555) | 386 (242, 667) | 0.2 |
| Alanine aminotransferase | 22 (14, 40) | 35 (23, 54) | <0.001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase | 25 (19, 38) | 40 (28, 61) | <0.001 |
| Ferritin | 727 (147, 1167) | 769 (358, 1449) | 0.4 |
| C-reactive protein | 3 (1, 7) | 11 (6, 19) | 0.006 |
| Procalcitonin | 0.43 (0.13, 1.06) | 0.17 (0.08, 0.42) | 0.007 |
| Clinical Outcomes | |||
| Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stage | <0.001 | ||
| 0 | 89 (92%) | 214 (65%) | |
| 1 | 4 (4.1%) | 43 (13%) | |
| 2 | 0 (0%) | 16 (4.8%) | |
| 3 | 4 (4.1%) | 42 (13%) | |
| Kidney replacement therapy | 7 (7.2%) | 26 (7.9%) | >0.9 |
| Acute respiratory failure requiring intubation | 11 (11%) | 103 (31%) | <0.001 |
| Thromboembolic event | 6 (6.2%) | 22 (6.7%) | >0.9 |
| In-hospital mortality | 13 (13%) | 56 (17%) | 0.6 |
Bold values indiciate p<0.05.
a
Statistics presented: median (IQR); n (%).
b
Statistical tests performed: Wilcoxon rank-sum test; chi-square test of independence; Fisher’s test with simulated p value; Fisher’s exact test.