TABLE 1.
Enrollment characteristics of children in the Mazira Project, Malawi, 2018–2019, by intervention group1
| Egg | Control | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n | Value | n | Value |
| Maternal | ||||
| Age, y | 329 | 25.9 ± 6.7 | 325 | 26.1 ± 6.8 |
| Education,2n (%) | 331 | 78 (24) | 329 | 54 (16) |
| Literacy, n (%) | 322 | 161 (50) | 321 | 134 (42) |
| Household | ||||
| Number of children under 5 y | 319 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 319 | 1.7 ± 0.8 |
| Number of household members | 321 | 5.8 ± 2.6 | 320 | 6.0 ± 2.7 |
| Moderate or severe food insecurity,3n (%) | 331 | 247 (75) | 329 | 267 (81) |
| Child | ||||
| Age, mo | 331 | 7.4 ± 1.2 | 329 | 7.3 ± 1.2 |
| Female, n (%) | 331 | 160 (48) | 329 | 159 (48) |
| Breastfeeding, n (%) | 330 | 329 (100) | 329 | 329 (100) |
| Meat consumption reported in 24-h recall, n (%) | 330 | 111 (34) | 329 | 77 (23) |
| Prevalence of stunting (LAZ <-2), n (%) | 331 | 44 (13) | 329 | 46 (14) |
| Prevalence of underweight (WAZ <-2), n (%) | 331 | 24 (7) | 329 | 28 (9) |
| Prevalence of wasting (WLZ <-2), n (%) | 331 | 3 (1) | 329 | 4 (1) |
| Inflammation, n (%) | ||||
| CRP >5 mg/L | 265 | 91 (34) | 260 | 93 (36) |
| AGP >1 g/L | 265 | 158 (60) | 260 | 159 (61) |
| Positive malaria test (RDT), n (%) | 299 | 38 (13) | 296 | 37 (13) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 292 | 10.5 (9.5, 11.5) | 290 | 10.6 (9.3, 11.5) |
| Plasma ferritin,4 µg/L | 265 | 13.1 (7.5, 23.8) | 260 | 15.1 (8.7, 26.7) |
| Plasma sTfR,4 mg/L | 265 | 10.2 (8.0, 13.6) | 260 | 9.5 (7.7, 12.3) |
| Body iron index,4 mg/kg | 265 | −0.6 (−3.0, 1.9) | 260 | 0.2 (−2.3, 2.4) |
| Anemia (hemoglobin < 11g/dL), n (%) | 292 | 175 (60) | 290 | 178 (61) |
| Iron deficiency (ferritin <12 µg/L),4n (%) | 265 | 121 (46) | 260 | 102 (39) |
| Iron deficiency (sTfR >8.3 mg/L),4n (%) | 265 | 186 (70) | 260 | 176 (68) |
| Iron deficiency (body iron index <0 mg/kg),4n (%) | 265 | 151 (57) | 260 | 120 (46) |
| Any iron deficiency,4n (%) | 265 | 209 (79) | 260 | 196 (75) |
| Iron deficiency anemia,4n (%) | 265 | 138 (52) | 259 | 132 (51) |
1
Values are n (%), mean ± SDs, or median (25th, 75th percentile). AGP, α-1-acid glycoprotein; CRP, C-reactive protein; LAZ, length-for-age z-score; RDT, rapid diagnostic test; sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor; WAZ, weight-for-age z-score; WLZ, weight-for-length z-score.
2
Percent completed primary or greater.
3
Food insecurity assessed using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (23).