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Niño sea surface temperature (SST) indices regions (Niño 1 + 2 = 0-10S, 90 W-80 W, red region; Niño 3 = 5 N-5S, 150 W-90 W, blue region; Niño 3.4 = 5 N-5S, 170 W-120 W, dotted green and blue region; and Niño 4 = 5 N-5S, 160E-150 W, green region). South America is highlighted in gray, black square is the CRUTEM4 22.5S 47.5 W grid-box, and the yellow dot is the ESALQ’s conventional weather station, located in Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil (22°42′30″S and 47°38′00″W)
