Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants

	TD	ASD	p value
Age (years), mean ± SD	4.01 ± 1.12	3.86 ± 1.03	0.2182
Sex (male/female)	39/21	99/21	0.079
Family annual income per capita (RMB), n (%)
≤20,000	31 (51.67)	67 (55.83)	0.597
> 20,000	29 (48.33)	53 (44.17)
Height (ZHA)	0.01 ± 0.94	−0.14 ± 1.0	0.2429
Weight (ZWA)	−0.02 ± 0.98	0.06 ± 0.96	0.5771
BMI (ZBMI)	0.26 ± 0.92	0.33 ± 1.07	0.6646
Picky eating, n (%)	26 (43.33)	80 (66.67)	0.003**
GI symptoms, n (%)	0	58(48.33)
ABC
Sensory	–	8.37 ± 5.04
Social withdrawal	–	14.13 ± 7.74
Stereotypic behavior	–	7.63 ± 7.01
Inappropriate speech	–	13.57 ± 5.98
Laggard daily living ability	–	11.28 ± 5.18
Total ABC scores	–	54.98 ± 22.74
SRS
Social awareness	–	11.83 ± 3.09
Social cognition	–	18.68 ± 4.52
Social communication	–	33.29 ± 8.82
Social motivation	–	14.96 ± 4.4
Autistic mannerisms	–	13.71 ± 5.58
Total SRS scores	–	92.47 ± 21.65
CARS	–	37.18 ± 5.86
GDS
Adaptive behavior	–	57.01 ± 17.94
Gross motor	–	64 ± 14.22
Fine motor	–	57.45 ± 17.05
Language	–	43.62 ± 19.97
Personal-social behavior	–	48.47 ± 15.24

The two-tailed Student’s t test, and the chi-square test were used for analysis

TD typically developing, ASD autism spectrum disorders.

^**p < 0.01