Table 2.

Percentages of the former player groups having had at least one injury of a specific type from a list of 36 types, any sporting injury requiring hospitalisation or surgery, or injury that stopped participation in sport permanently

	Elite rugby (n = 127) %	Community rugby (n = 271) %	Non-contact (n = 72) %	Relative percentages (95% CLs)
				Elite versus community	Elite versus non-contact	Community rugby versus non-contact
Concussion	94	82	26	1.2 (1.1–1.2)	3.6 (2.4–5.3)	3.1 (2.1–4.6)
Facial/cheekbone/orbital/skull/nose fracture	57	41	14	1.4 (1.1–1.7)	4.1 (2.3–7.4)	3.0 (1.7–5.4)
Eye injury	26.8	25.1	16.7	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	1.6 (0.9–2.9)	1.5 (0.9–2.6)
Neck fracture/spinal cord injury	11.8	4.4	1.4	2.7 (1.3–5.5)	8.5 (1.1–63.1)	3.2 (0.4–24.1)
Neck sprain/strain	68.5	50.9	36.1	1.4 (1.1–1.6)	1.9 (1.4–2.6)	1.4 (1.0–2.0)
Clavicle fracture	19.7	13.3	8.3	1.5 (0.9–2.4)	2.4 (1.0–5.5)	1.6 (0.7–3.6)
Shoulder dislocation	25	17	11.1	1.5 (1.0–2.2)	2.3 (1.1–4.7)	1.5 (0.8–3.1)
Shoulder bruising	48	37.6	16.7	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	2.9 (1.7–5.0)	2.3 (1.3–3.9)
Shoulder strain	39.4	37.3	33.3	1.1 (0.8–1.4)	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	1.1 (0.8–1.6)
Shoulder sprain	37	21.4	6.9	1.7 (1.3–2.4)	5.3 (2.2–12.8)	3.1 (1.3–7.4)
Biceps/triceps tear	11	6.3	2.8	1.8 (0.9–3.5)	4.0 (0.9–17.0)	2.3 (0.5–9.6)
Elbow dislocation or separation	11.8	2.6	0	4.6 (1.9–10.9)
Arm/wrist/hand fracture	47	31	39	1.5 (1.2–2.0)	1.2 (0.9–1.7)	0.8 (0.6–1.1)
Thumb or finger dislocation	46.5	32.5	30.6	1.4 (1.1–1.8)	1.5 (1.0–2.3)	1.1 (0.7–1.6)
Thumb or finger sprain	67.7	58.7	50	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	1.4 (1.0–1.8)	1.2 (0.9–1.5)
Disc rupture/herniation	19.7	7.4	12.5	2.7 (1.5–4.6)	1.6 (0.8–3.2)	0.6 (0.3–1.2)
Rib fracture	34	31	9.7	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	3.5 (1.7–7.3)	3.2 (1.5–6.5)
Rib bruising	53	40	25	1.3 (1.1–1.7)	2.1 (1.4–3.3)	1.6 (1.0–2.4)
Upper or lower back injury	61.4	46.9	55.6	1.3 (1.1–1.6)	1.1 (0.9–1.4)	0.8 (0.7–1.1)
Hip/pelvis dislocation or fracture	4.7	1.8	0	2.6 (0.8–8.2)
Thigh/leg fracture	7.1	4.8	4.2	1.5 (0.7–3.4)	1.7 (0.5–6.1)	1.2 (0.3–3.9)
Thigh bruising	69.3	48.3	36.1	1.4 (1.2–1.7)	1.9 (1.4–2.7)	1.3 (1.0–1.9)
Thigh strain	31.5	18.5	29.2	1.7 (1.2–2.4)	1.1 (0.7–1.7)	0.6 (0.4–1.0)
Hamstring tear	40.3	23.2	29.2	1.7 (1.3–2.3)	1.4 (0.9–2.1)	0.8 (0.5–1.2)
Hamstring strain	60.6	42.4	56.9	1.4 (1.2–1.7)	1.1 (0.8–1.4)	0.8 (0.6–1.0)
Knee ligament rupture or tear	33.1	26.9	16.7	1.2 (0.9–1.7)	2.0 (1.1–3.5)	1.6 (0.9–2.8)
Knee ligament sprain	41.7	33.9	20.8	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	2.0 (1.2–3.3)	1.6 (1.0–2.6)
Knee patellar dislocation	4.7	5.2	2.8	0.9 (0.4–2.3)	1.7 (0.4–8.2)	1.9 (0.4–8.0)
Knee meniscus tear	33.9	21	13.9	1.6 (1.2–2.3)	2.4 (1.3–4.6)	1.5 (0.8–2.8)
Calf tear	33.9	14.4	19.4	2.4 (1.6–3.4)	1.7 (1.0–3.0)	0.7 (0.4–1.3)
Calf strain	59.1	33.9	43.1	1.7 (1.4–2.2)	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	0.8 (0.6–1.1)
Achilles tendon injury	22.8	11.8	13.9	1.9 (1.2–3.1)	1.6 (0.9–3.2)	0.9 (0.4–1.6)
Achilles tendon tear or rupture	7.9	4.4	1.4	1.8 (0.8–4.0)	5.7 (0.7–43.4)	3.2 (0.4–24.1)
Ankle ligament tear or rupture	29.9	15.1	12.5	2.0 (1.3–2.9)	2.4 (1.2–4.7)	1.2 (0.6–2.4)
Ankle ligament sprain	76.4	52.4	43.1	1.5 (1.3–1.7)	1.8 (1.3–2.4)	1.2 (0.9–1.6)
Ankle/foot fracture	18.1	10.7	13.9	1.7 (1.0–2.8)	1.3 (0.7–2.6)	0.8 (0.4–1.5)
Any sport injury requiring hospitalisation	73	46	25	1.6 (1.4–1.9)	2.9 (1.9–4.4)	1.8 (1.2–2.7)
Any surgery for sport injury	72	46	32	1.6 (1.3–1.9)	2.2 (1.6–3.2)	1.4 (1.0–2.1)
Injury that stopped participation in sport permanently	28	28	11	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	2.5 (1.2–5.1)	2.5 (1.3–5.0)

We have bolded the relative percentages that are > 1.43 or < 0.70 (at least a moderate difference between groups) for which the confidence intervals did not include a relative percentage of 1.0

CLs confidence limits