Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of all patients on day 1.
| Sepsis (n = 35) | Septic shock (n = 16) | ICU control (n = 28) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex [male] (%) | 21 (60%) | 12 (75%) | 17 (60.7%) | |
| Age (years) | 57.88 ± 20.78 | 64.06 ± 17.02 | 58.25 ± 20.70 | 0.587 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 81.58 ± 10.94 | 84.38 ± 6.84 | 86.36 ± 10.36 | 0.173 |
| HR (bpm) | 89.09 ± 17.836 | 100.44 ± 14.02 | 78.18 ± 15.38 | < 0.05 |
| CVP (cmH2O) | 6.91 ± 2.17 | 9.12 ± 2.19 | – | < 0.05 |
| past medical history (n, %) | ||||
| Hypertension | 11 (31.4%) | 9 (56.25%) | 13 (46.23%) | |
| Diabetes | 8 (22.9%) | 3 (18.75%) | 7 (25%) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 4 (11.4%) | 1 (6.25%) | 5 (17.86%) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 4 (11.4%) | 3 (18.75%) | 11 (39.29%) | |
| Cerebral infarction | 2 (5.7%) | 1 (6.25%) | 3 (10.71%) | |
| Site of infection (n, %) | ||||
| Pneumonia | 7 (20%) | 1 (6.25%) | – | |
| Peritonitis | 12 (34.29%) | 8 (50%) | – | |
| Central system infection | 4 (11.42%) | 2 (12.5%) | – | |
| Bloodstream infection | 5 (14.29%) | 2 (12.25%) | – | |
| Skin infections | 2 (5.7%) | 1 (6.25%) | – | |
| Others | 5 (14.29%) | 2 (12.25%) | – | |
| SOFA score | 9.37 ± 3.34 | 13.35 ± 2.828 | 1.57 ± 2.659 | < 0.05 |
| APACHE II score | 18 ± 7.68 | 21.5 ± 7.95 | 13.5 ± 6.46 | < 0.05 |
| NE (ug/kg/min) | 0.049 (0,0.568) | 0.798 (0.071,1.15) | – | < 0.05 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.2 (0.6,2.6) | 3.5 (2.1,9.7) | 0.6 (0.8,3) | < 0.05 |
| P(V-A)CO2 (mmHg) | 2.9 (1.65,4.6) | 3.2 (1.25,4.88) | 0.828 | |
| ScvO2 (%) | 74.17 ± 8.14 | 75.87 ± 10.03 | – | 0.54 |
| OI | 314.58 ± 125.46 | 268.41 ± 118.83 | 374.70 ± 132.47 | < 0.05 |
| PCT (ng/ml) | 15.34 ± 23.45 | 16.97 ± 23.65 | 0.67 ± 1.29 | < 0.05 |
| WBC (109/L) | 14.24 ± 7.68 | 10.68 ± 9.07 | 11.78 ± 2.55 | 0.155 |
| TNF-α (mg/L) | 17.49 ± 12.84 | 30.80 ± 15.71 | – | < 0.05 |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | 7.35 (5.175,109.5) | 15.6 (7.24,52.3) | – | 0.108 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 136.49 ± 267.47 | 446.41 ± 87.45 | – | < 0.05 |
| CTNI (ng/ml) | 5.32 ± 21.38 | 40.64 ± 151.21 | 0.18 ± 0.02 | 0.402 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 6075.47 ± 9225.54 | 7972.45 ± 10,137.53 | 893.85 ± 700.20 | 0.244 |
| Length of ICU stay (days) | 8 (3.5,8.75) | 12 (8,43) | 1 (1,17) | < 0.05 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 27 (5,121) | 34.5 (3,88) | 9 (3,38) | < 0.05 |
| 28-day mortality rate (n,%) | 4 (11.42%) | 5 (37.5%) | 0 | < 0.05 |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range), or number (percentage). P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
MAP mean arterial pressure, HR heart rate, CVP Central venous pressure, SOFA Score Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score, APACHE II score Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, NE Norepinephrine, P(V-A)CO2 central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference, ScvO2 Central venous oxygen saturation, OI oxygenation index, PCT procalcitonin, WBC white blood cell, TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor α, IL-10 Interleukin-10, IL-6 Interleukin-6, CTNI cardiac troponin I, NT-proBNP N-terminal (NT)-prohormone Brain natriuretic peptide.