Table 2.
The metabolic pathways most involved in the physically frail metabolome study
| Metabolite (common name) | Chemical formula | KEGG code | KEGG pathways/biological process | KEGG map code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cholesterol | C27H46O | C00187 | Lipid and atherosclerosis | map05417 |
| Vitamin digestion and absorption | map04977 | |||
| Steroid hormone biosynthesis | map00140/map00100 | |||
| Metabolic pathways | map01100 | |||
| Fat digestion and absorption | map04975 | |||
| Cholesterol metabolism | map04979 | |||
| Overview of biosynthetic pathways | map01010 | |||
| Bile secretion | map04976 | |||
| Primary bile acid biosynthesis | map00120 | |||
| Steroid degradation | map00984 | |||
| Microbial metabolism in diverse environments | map01120 | |||
| Ovarian steroidogenesis | map04913 | |||
| Aldosterone synthesis and secretion | map04925 | |||
| Cortisol synthesis and secretion | map04927 | |||
| PC (14:0/20:4) | C42H76NO8P | C00157 | Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites | map01110 |
| Metabolic pathways | map01100 | |||
| alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism | map00592 | |||
| Linoleic acid metabolism | map00591 | |||
| Arachidonic acid metabolism | map00590 | |||
| Glycerophospholipid metabolism | map00564 | |||
| Cer (d18:1/20:0) | C38H75NO3 | C00195 | Sphingolipid signaling pathway | map04071 |
| Insulin resistance | map04931 | |||
| Sphingolipid metabolism | map00600 | |||
| Metabolic pathways | map01100 | |||
| Neurotrophin signaling pathway | map04722 | |||
| Adipocytokine signaling pathway | map04920 | |||
| AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications | map04933 | |||
| Diabetic cardiomyopathy | map05415 | |||
| Cer (d18:1/23:0) | C41H81NO3 | HMDB0000950* | Lipid peroxidation | − |
| Insulin signaling pathway | − | |||
| Apoptosis | − | |||
| Lipid metabolism pathway | − | |||
| Phospholipid metabolism | − | |||
| Lipid transport | − | |||
| Lipid metabolism | − | |||
| Fatty acid metabolism | − |
We used the metabolic pathways by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database were used for searches metabolites by their chemical name in the database and their KEGG codes were registered. This code locates the pathways where the metabolite is involved. Then, the script program obtains the most involved metabolic KEGG pathways by counting the number of metabolites (significantly differentiated) involved in each pathway (https://www.genome.jp/kegg/). *Lipid nomenclature and classification follow the LIPID MAPS convention (https://www.lipidmaps.org) from The Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) ID. –, no informed