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. 2022 Jun 22;35(2):273–293. doi: 10.1007/s10882-022-09852-x

Table 1.

‘Inclusive’ Strategies for Integrated Classes

Topic Definition
Activity Partners The student with a disability should be partners with a peer during activities instead of an adult staff member.
Arrival/Departure Ensure that the student with a disability arrives to and leaves from PE at the same time and with their peers without disabilities.
Autonomy* Allow the student with a disability to have choice about the activities, equipment, and rules they engage with in PE.
Demonstrations The student with the disability should be asked to demonstrate skills for the class as often as students without disabilities.
Differentiation Differentiate instruction for students with disabilities, including but not limited to, providing additional demonstrations or alternate instructions.
Disability Discussion* The teacher and student with a disability should have a discussion about the student’s disability and needs in their PE class.
Discussion with Peers* The teacher should have a discussion with students without disabilities about ‘inclusion’ and how to treat the student with a disability.
Feedback Students with disabilities should receive the same type and frequency of feedback as their peers without disabilities.
Fitness Testing Students with disabilities should be assessed at the same time and in the same location as peers without disabilities.
Instruction Ensure that the student with a disability is sitting or standing with their peers without disabilities when instructions are being given.
Modifications* Provide modifications to rules, activities, or equipment for the student with a disability.
Non-Paraprofessional Adult* Provide support from adapted PE teacher, occupational therapist, physical therapist, classroom special education teacher, or parent for the student with a disability.
Paraprofessional* Provide hands-on paraprofessional support for the student with a disability.
Partner and Team Selections* Partners and teams should be chosen by the teacher, not by the students.
Peer Buddy* Assign a peer-buddy or peer-helper to the student with a disability.
Warm-Ups Implement warm-ups for the entire class that are duration based rather than repetition based.

Note: *indicates strategies that evoked salient memories and were included in the analysis