TABLE 2.
Previous studies using various methods to improve enzyme activity in ILs.
| Method | Enzyme | Outcome | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Computationally assisted protein engineering | T. versicolor laccase | Triple and quadruple mutants with increased activity in [C2C1Im][EtSO4] | Wallraf et al. (2018) |
| Directed evolution | T. versicolor laccase | Double mutant with increased activity in [C2C1Im][EtSO4] | Liu et al. (2013) |
| Computationally assisted protein engineerin | B. subtilis laccase | Single mutants with increased catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) in 3 [CnC1Im][Cl] ILs | Dabirmanesh et al. (2015) |
| Surface charge modification | Bovine pancreas α-chymotrypsin, Carica papaya papain, Candida rugosa lipase | Succinylation and acetylation improved activity and stability in [C4C1Im][Cl] and [C2C1Im][EtSO4] | Nordwald and Kaar (2013) |
| Surface charge modification | Trichoderma reesei cellulase | Succinylation improved cellulose hydrolysis in [C4C1Im][Cl] | Nordwald et al. (2014) |
| Immobilization | M. thermophila laccase | Immobilization on glyoxyl-agarose beads improved stability in [C2C1Im][EtSO4] | Fernández-Fernández et al. (2014) |