TABLE 1.
The effects of high voltage and low frequency VNS on HR and VFT. HR changes from baseline (BL) to VNS at 1 (A), 2 (B) and 3 Hz (C) at stimulation pulse widths of 0.1, 1 and 2 ms. VFT changes from baseline (BL) to VNS at 1 (D), 2 (E) and 3 Hz (F) at stimulation pulse widths of 0.1, 1, and 2 ms. Data represent mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 vs. corresponding BL, n = 6.
| 1Hz | 2Hz | 3Hz | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 ms | 1.0 ms | 2.0 ms | 0.1 ms | 1.0 ms | 2.0 ms | 0.1 ms | 1.0 ms | 2.0 ms | ||
| HR (bpm) | BL | 140.5 ± 10.4 | 139.4 ± 9.2 | 144.0 ± 9.7 | 137.1 ± 8.9 | 139.2 ± 9.2 | 140.0 ± 10.1 | 139.2 ± 9.1 | 142.1 ± 8.9 | 143.2 ± 9.6 |
| VNS | 130.3 ± 9.9 | 121.8 ± 10.7**** | 125.9 ± 10.6**** | 115.6 ± 5.7**** | 117.5 ± 10.3**** | 114.4 ± 11.2**** | 110.2 ± 7.5**** | 105.3 ± 7.3**** | 99.6 ± 8.6**** | |
| VFT (mA) | BL | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.5 |
| VNS | 5.0 ± 1.2* | 4.9 ± 0.9* | 4.8 ± 0.9* | 6.3 ± 1.5*** | 4.8 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 0.6** | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 5.5 ± 0.5 | |